<p>The Miami County Courthouse is an historic building in Troy, Ohio, United States. Built from 1885 to 1888, it was designed by noted Ohio  architect Joseph W. Yost, who also designed the similar Belmont County Courthouse built at the same time in St. Clairsville. It has high arched windows and Corinthian columns supporting the outthrust corners and main entrance. A flight of stairs runs to the main entrance. The central pediment rests on an arch supported by Corinthian columns. The corners of the building thrust out and support a pediment, on top of each rests a tower crowned with an urn-shaped finial. A central tower rises from the middle of the building supporting the clock tower and dome, and a statue of justice stands at the very top.</p><br>
<p>On May 30, 1975, the courthouse along with the power station to the north were added to the National Register of Historic Places as the Miami County Courthouse and Power Station.</p><br>
<p>The Augustus Fanno Farmhouse was the home of Augustus Fanno, one of the first European American settlers in what became Washington County in the USA state of Oregon. Born in Maine in 1804, Fanno lived in Missouri as a young adult and in 1846 moved to Oregon with his first wife, Martha, and son. After Martha died in childbirth in Linn City in the Willamette Valley, Fanno and his son settled a 640 acre donation land claim 12 mi to the northwest on a small tributary of the Tualatin River. It was the first such claim to be filed in the county.</p><br>
<p>In 1851, Fanno married Rebecca Denney, and the first of their six children was born later that year. In 1859, he designed and built a rural home in the modified New England revival style popular in Oregon at the time. The family pioneered the cultivation of onions in Oregon, and by the 1890s these became regionally recognized for their high quality. Fanno descendants produced onions on the farm until onion maggots drove them out of business in the 1940s. Members of the family occupied the farmhouse until 1974, and in March 1982 they donated the house and adjacent land to the Tualatin Hills Park & Recreation District (THPRD).</p><br>
<p>The Vallejo Estate is a historic house in Sonoma, California, one of the six sites that comprises the Sonoma State Historic Park. The estate was owned by General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, a Californio military leader and landowner. Vallejo began buying the acreage for the house after returning from the California constitutional convention in Monterey in 1849, and resided in the house from 1852 until his death in 1890. He named the house Lachryma Montis , a rough Latin translation of Chiucuyem  – the Native American name for the free-flowing spring on the property.</p><br>
<h2>Developing the estate</h2><br>
<p>Vallejos home was built beside the spring and its pool in 1851–1852. The two-story, wood-frame house was prefabricated, designed and built on the east coast of United States. It was shipped around Cape Horn on a sailing ship and then assembled at its present site. The design was Victorian Carpenter Gothic highlighted by a large Gothic window in the master bedroom, twin porches, dormer windows, and elaborate carved wooden trim along the eaves. Bricks were placed inside the walls of the house in order to keep it warm in winter and cool in summer. Insulation with adobe was a material which Vallejo felt had proven practical in Californias climate. The furnishings were eclectic, representing Vallejo&#39;s Spanish and Mexican heritage, the China trade, and styles popular with Americans. Each room had its own white marble fireplace. Crystal chandeliers, lace curtains, and many other furnishings including the handsome, rosewood, concert-grand piano, were imported from Europe.</p><br>
<p>The estate included pavilions and other outbuildings, a large barn and houses for the working staff. The Cook House was a three-room rectangular wooden building behind the main house. The cook lived in one room while the other two rooms were used for food preparation and cooking. El Delirio is a small wooden structure in the garden next to the main house It served as a retreat for the Vallejo family and guests. A special warehouse was erected in 1852, in another architectural style, in order to store wine, fruit, and other produce. The original timbers were cut and numbered in Europe and shipped to California. The bricks came around the Horn as ballast in sailing ships. Eventually the building was converted to residential use and became known as the "Swiss Chalet".</p><br>
<p>Grapevines were transplanted to the new site along with a wonderful assortment of fruit decorative trees and shrubs. The quarter-mile-long driveway lined with cottonwood trees and Castilian roses. A vine-covered arbor shaded a wide pathway around the pool into which the spring flowed, and a number of decorative fountains and delightful little outbuildings also graced the grounds.</p><br>
<h2>Living at the estate</h2><br>
<p>Vallejo and family moved into Lachryma Montis in 1852. He and his wife lived there for more than 35 years. As Vallejo suffered one economic setback after another they were forced to live more and more quietly and unpretentiously. He eventually lost nearly all of his vast land holdings and was even forced to sell the vineyard and other "nonessential" acreage at the estate.</p><br>
<p>During the 1850s and 1860s Vallejo became a leader of Californias fledgling wine industry. He established more vineyards and became one of the first commercial winemakers in the region. In the 1870s, the vine louse Phylloxera devastated his vineyards as well as Vallejos hopes for wine production.</p><br>
<p>In 1873 he entered into an agreement with two partners to supply water from the pond to the citizens of Sonoma through redwood pipes. This secured some regular income. In 1881 he sold an easement to the Sonoma Valley Railroad bisecting his property.</p><br>
<h2>Later years</h2><br>
<p>In 1933 the Vallejo home and some 20 acres of the original land was acquired by the State in order to protect and preserve this historic site and its collection of historic artifacts and documents. On June 29, 1972, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. It is also California Historical Landmark Number 4 and is part of the Sonoma State Historic Park.</p><br>
<p>Wine label Lachryma Montis Vineyard,Sonoma Red Wine 1858.jpgWine label, Lachryma Montis Vineyard, Sonoma Red Wine 1858. California Historical Society archives.</p><br>
<p>The George W. and Nancy B. Van Dusen House is a mansion in the Stevens Square neighborhood of Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. The owner, George Washington Van Dusen, was an entrepreneur who founded Minnesota&#39;s first and most prosperous grain processing and distribution firm in 1883. In 1891, he hired the firm of Orff and Joralemon to build a 12,000 ft&sup2; mansion on what was then the southwestern edge of Minneapolis. His house reflects the prosperity achieved by business owners who were making money in the flourishing grain, railroad, and lumber industries in the late 19th century. The mansion was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<p>The exterior is built of pink Sioux quartzite quarried near Luverne, Minnesota. The roof and turrets are covered with Maine slate. The mansion is generally within the Richardsonian Romanesque form, but it also has French Renaissance design elements, such as steep roofs, and a soaring, slender turret topped with a copper finial. The interior mixes elements of French, Gothic, Tudor, Romanesque, and Elizabethan styles. It contains ten fireplaces, a grand staircase, large skylights, carved woodwork, parquet floors, and a tile mosaic in the entryway.</p><br>
<p>George Van Dusen was born on July 10, 1826. He married Nancy Barden, his third wife, on November 29, 1860. He started the G.W. Van Dusen & Co. grain company in Rochester, Minnesota, which by 1889 merged with a Minneapolis company to become Van Dusen-Harrington. This eventually became part of the Peavey Company, acquired by ConAgra in 1982. Van Dusen is credited with naming Byron, Minnesota after the town of Port Byron, New York, where he once lived, though his father Laurence had been born in Byron Center, Genesee County, New York.</p><br>
<p>The Van Dusens are said to have survived a tornado that destroyed a previous home and as a result the mansion has some unique features including I-beam construction that supposedly made the home tornado-proof. Additionally, tunnels, which may have been for emergency use, radiated from the building into the yard.</p><br>
<h2>Non-residential use</h2><br>
<p>After its initial residential use, several non-residential conversions altered the mansion. In 1961 a large modern addition was added to the mansion. Organizations that operated from the mansion over the years include the Hamline University Law School, USA Communications, and Horst International Education Center, a predecessor of the Aveda Corporation.</p><br>
<h2>Vacant period and decline</h2><br>
<p>After the Horsts sold the home for approximately $400,000, it sat vacant from 1987 through 1994. The new owners never raised the capital needed for restoration. During this time, some of the woodwork deteriorated, some internal fixtures were pilfered, and attempts were made to remove tiles from fireplaces. Philip Maise, who was restoring another home one street over, was tempted to purchase the property after the Stevens Square Community Organization dedicated $300,000 from its Neighborhood Revitalization Program to assist a new owner with restoration. Maise attempted to negotiate an agreeable sale price, and when that failed, attempted to purchase the mortgage from underneath the owners. At the last moment, the owners purchased the mortgage themselves and stymied Maise&#39;s hostile takeover. It was a few months later that much of the remaining original fixtures were stolen from the home and Maise broke off further attempts to take over the property.</p><br>
<h2>Restoration by Bob Poehling</h2><br>
<p>In December 1994, Bob Poehling purchased the property for $210,000. Since its restoration, the Van Dusen Mansion has been one of Minneapolis&#39; most popular wedding venues, most recently receiving the 2019 "Best Unique Venue" award from Minnesota Bride Magazine.</p><br>
<h2>Mansion&#39;s use in Ponzi scheme</h2><br>
<p>In April 2008, Poehling sold the mansion for $2.6 million to Trevor Cook. Cook, then a 37-year-old Minneapolis investment advisor, had a trail of regulatory sanctions and lawsuits pending. A week later, the property was flipped for the same price into the account of Oxford Global Advisors, a firm managed by Bo Beckman. Beckman, who claimed to be among the nation&#39;s top money managers, steered investors into programs run by Cook in exchange for "rebates." However, lawsuits between parties claims this transfer was fraudulent.</p><br>
<p>The odd ownership arrangements and disputes were only a hint that strange dealings were going on. Cooks and Beckmans real intent appears to have been to utilize the prestige of the Van Dusen mansion to entice prospective investors in periodic seminars held at the mansion to promote investing in "The Oxford Group." In reality, it was nothing more than a Ponzi scheme. After pleading guilty in 2010 Cook began serving a 25-year federal prison sentence. Beckman was charged with raising about $47.3 million of the $194 million gathered in the overall fraud and was convicted in June 2012 on fraud and tax charges.</p><br>
<p>Beebe Homestead, also known as the Lucius Beebe House and Beebe Farm, is a historic Federal period home at 142 Main Street in Wakefield, Massachusetts, which was built during the federal era that extended from the late 18th-century into the 1820s. It is suspected to have been remodeled into the federal style from an earlier home built in circa 1727. It overlooks Lake Quannapowitt, and according to a 1989 study of historic sites in Wakefield, the house is "one of Wakefield&#39;s most imposing landmarks." The property was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>Lilley Eatons, Genealological History Of The Town Of Reading, Mass., claims the property first settled in 1644 by Nicholas Brown, one of Reddings (old spelling) first settlers. Records of the Town of Redding, 1639-1812, indicate 90 acres acquired by Nicholas Brown from Edward Taylor in 1639. Nicholas Brown was one of a handful of settlers receiving land patents and migrating westward from Lynn, MA.</p><br>
<p>The property remained in the Brown family until it was sold by General Benjamin Brown in 1798 for $3,000. While a Colonel in the Continental Army, Benjamin Brown served under General Horatio Gates at Fort Ticonderoga in 1776, a seat of war during the American Revolution. Acquiring the home from Brown, was, architect and housewright of Boston and previous naval commander. This organization of master mechanics of different trades was set up to regulate apprenticeship requirements and provide death benefits to its membership. He remained a trustee until 1798 when he removed to South Reading, now Wakefield. The property was then conveyed by deed to Thomas Clement, Jr., merchant of Boston, in 1810.</p><br>
<p>Research conducted by Historic New England, previously SPNEA (Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities), date the structure in the late 18th to early 19th centuries; this partly based on hand-hewn framing and brick nogging (18th-century insulation) within the walls. These and other facts likely attribute the home&#39;s construction within Thomas Clement, Sr.’s era (1798-1810).</p><br>
<p>In 1814 the property was then acquired by John Derby, Esq. of Salem, for $6,000. Samuel McIntire, a prominent architect, woodcarver, and furniture maker during the federal period, was commissioned by the Derby family for many projects and his possible involvement in the property prior to the Derby purchase has been the source of much speculation, furthered by an Oct., 1939 article in House & Garden, entitled “Lucius Beebe’s Family Home.”</p><br>
<p>After a brief period, Derby sold the property to Thomas Haley Forrester of Salem in 1819 for $6,500. Colonel Forrester was a feisty war veteran and rum imbiber who had a reputation for cutting up the drawing room furniture with his rapier when retelling accounts of past military campaigns.</p><br>
<p>Thereafter, the property changed hands several times until it was purchased by Lucius Beebe in 1852 for $10,000. A titan in the business world, Beebe&#39;s interests extended into cotton, leather, lumber, real estate, and banking. By 1870 Lucius Beebe had acquired over 230 properties in Middlesex County alone by way of direct conveyance and through the Wakefield Real Estate & Building Association to which he was president. He also founded what is now the Santander Bank in Wakefield known previously as the Wakefield Trust Company and National Bank of South Reading. His family is believed to have had involvement in this and other area banks well into the 20th century. As a result of his generosity and that of his son, Junius Beebe, the Wakefield town library still bears the name: Lucius Beebe Memorial Library. Author, journalist, and syndicated columnist, Lucius Morris Beebe, was the son of Junius, and also grew up on the farm.</p><br>
<p>Architecturally, the home contains many classical elements characteristic of the federal period. Frontal Pilasters adorn the exterior, along with a broken pediment portico with well defined entablature. Interior embellishments, leading one to think McIntire, include triple-carved balusters, and an elliptical archway supported by fluted pilasters and topped with an “S” scroll keystone. However, further analysis by the SPNEA, coupled with Chelsea tile facings (1878–1907) and other Victorian elements on several of the upstairs chimney pieces, reveals a major renovation of the late 19th century presumably inspired by Junius Beebe and a knowledgeable architect.</p><br>
<p>The building at 38–48 Richardson Avenue is a historic residential rowhouse in Wakefield, Massachusetts. Built c. 1912, is believed to be one of the oldest rowhouses in the town. They were built by Solon O. Richardson, Jr., on a portion of his family&#39;s estate. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The rowhouse is set on the south side of Richardson Avenue, at its western corner with North Street. The building is a -story wood-frame structure, with six units in a mix of architectural styles. Its porches are typical Colonial Revival porches, the gable ends are decorated with Tudor Revival strapping, and the deep eaves have exposed purlins, a Rational Revival feature. The units are organized in three mirror-image pairs, with the inner pair styled differently than the outer pairs. The outer pairs have a hip-roofed porch over the two entrances, with a band of nine-pane square windows above. The central pair have a flat-roof porch over the entrances, with flanking single-story oriel windows, which have gabled wall-dormers above.</p><br>
<p>The area of Richardson Avenue was part of the estate of Dr. Nathan Richardson, who developed and sold a product called Sherry Wine Bitters. This business was continued by his son and grandson (both named Solon), the last of whom sold the business in 1891. Observing a shortage of housing in Wakefield center, the grandson moved the mansion house away from Main Street, and laid out Richardson Street for development. This rowhouse was built about 1912, around the same time that Richardson had the rowhouses at 35–37 Richardson built.</p><br>
<p>The buildings at 35–37 Richardson Avenue are historic rowhouses in Wakefield, Massachusetts. These two rowhouses, built c. 1912–15, are among the earliest apartment blocks built in the town. They were built by Solon O. Richardson, Jr. on a portion of his estate. The buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The two rowhouses are set on the north side of Richardson Avenue, about halfway between North Avenue and Main Street, both major north–south thoroughfares through the center of Wakefield. They are two-story wood-frame structures, oriented with their long axes north–south on either side of a shared drive and parking area. They have hip roofs and clapboard siding, and rest on raised fieldstone foundations. The eaves have exposed rafter ends typical of Craftsman styling. The principal decorative elements are the main entrance porches, which have latticework support columns supporting hip roofs. Each building has three such porches, one in front and two on the side, with those on the side providing access to two units.</p><br>
<p>The area of Richardson Avenue was part of the estate of Dr. Nathan Richardson, who developed and sold a product called Sherry Wine Bitters. This business was continued by his son and grandson (both named Solon), the last of whom sold the business in 1891. Observing a shortage of housing in Wakefield center, the grandson moved the mansion house away from Main Street, and laid out Richardson Street for development. These buildings were probably built about 1912, around the same time that Richardson had the rowhouses at 38–48 Richardson built.</p><br>
<p>The Capt. William Green House  is a historic colonial house at 391 Vernon Street in Wakefield, Massachusetts. It is one of Wakefield&#39;s oldest surviving buildings. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of two separate listings. In 1989 it was listed under the name "Capt. William Green House", and in 1990 it was listed under the name "Green House".</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Green House is located on the east side of Vernon Street, in northern Wakefield near its border with Lynnfield. The house occupies a narrow parcel of land opposite Juniper Avenue that extends down to the Saugus River, which defines the border between the two towns. The house is a -story wood-frame structure, with a gambrel roof and clapboard siding. Its facade, oriented to face roughly south, is four irregularly spaced bays wide with the entrance in the second bay from the left, which is roughly centered on the facade. A large chimney rises from the center of the roofline behind the entrance. A modern kitchen ell and porch are located to the east and behind the main block.</p><br>
<p>The oldest portion of this house is a "single-cell" three-bay structure, encompassing the eastern three bays of the main block. This structure is estimated to have been built about 1680 in Lynnfield, and was moved to this area about 1750 by William Green, who expanded the structure. His son Caleb moved it to its present location in 1790. The Green family lands originally included 30 acre on the west side of what is now Jordan Street, and 10 acre on the east side.</p><br>
<p>Wakefield Centre station is a former railway station at 57 Water Street  in Wakefield, Massachusetts. Built in the early 1870s, it is a surviving element of the railroad infrastructure that enabled Wakefield&#39;s growth as an industrial center in the late 19th century. The depot was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989 as Centre Depot. As of 2008, the former depot serves as a restaurant. Today, it is a stop on the Wakefield-Lynnfield Rail Trail in progress.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The station building is located on the south side of Water Street, east of Main Street, and on the west side of a now-abandoned railroad right of way. It is a single-story wood-frame structure, rectangular in plan, with a hip roof that has deep eaves supported by large knee braces, which are set in paneled pilasters on the walls. A polygonal bay projects on the track-facing facade, that would have been used by a telegraph operator or ticket agent.</p><br>
<p>The railroad was built through Wakefield around 1850, and had immediate positive economic consequences. One line was built north to Salem, and it is along this line that a station at this site was probably established around that time. A second line was built toward Haverhill, and is now used for the Haverhill Line of the MBTA Commuter Rail. The Salem line was used by two of Wakefield&#39;s major manufacturers, the Wakefield Rattan Company, and the L. B. Evans Shoe Company. The present station first appears on city maps in 1874, suggesting a construction date between then and 1870.</p><br>
<p>The former station building was converted to a restaurant by 1962. The exterior was restored to its original red-and-white colors based on a 1917 postcard.</p><br>
<p>The Charles Winship House was a historic house located at 13 Mansion Road and 10 Mansion Road in Wakefield, Massachusetts. The -story mansion  was built between 1901 and 1906 for Charles Winship, proprietor  of the Harvard Knitting Mills, a major business presence in Wakefield from the 1880s to the 1940s. It was the town&#39;s most elaborate Colonial Revival building, featuring a flared hip roof with a balustrade on top, and a two-story portico in front with composite capitals atop fluted columns.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>The architect of the house was the Boston-based firm Hartwell & Richardson. The ornate interior was designed by the firm Irving and Casson – A. H. Davenport Co. Both firms were famous for their meticulous design as well as high quality of workmanship and materials. During The Winship House&#39;s construction in 1902, Irving and Casson – A. H. Davenport Co. was commissioned for work on the White House renovation.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1922, Charles Newell Winship purchased 12 additional acres of surrounding land which he developed. The development, comprising Newell Road, Walter Avenue and Fox Road, was known at the time as Winship Manor. After his death in 1946, his family sold the entire estate—which comprised approximately 33 acres—to the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth in early 1947. The house was used as a convent to house more than 40 Sisters of Nazareth, a number which required several areas of the house to be modified to a more utilitarian standard. An academy was soon built on 19 acres of the house&#39;s grounds. In 1978 the house and 14 remaining acres were sold to a developer who built single family residences. The house became a private residence again, but was confined to just over an acre of land and surrounded by modern single family houses. The academy closed its doors in 2009 and the remaining 19 acres of the original estate became 47 single family houses. Due to an accumulation of damage the historic house was demolished on July 8, 2020.</p><br>
<h2>Damage and demolition</h2><br>
<p>In March 2005, a large fire tore through the upper floors of the house. The fire required assistance from 8 other communities, and although the house was not totally lost to the fire, it weathered serious fire, smoke and water damage. Although the fire damage was repaired, when the house was listed for sale in 2007 one prospective buyer observed buckling in the walls, presumed to be the result of water from the firefighter&#39;s efforts winding up in the walls.</p><br>
<p>Due to the 2008 bankruptcy and foreclosure of Theresa Whitaker, the houses final resident and owner, and subsequent inability of the bank to sell the property, the house fell victim to obscene vandalism. Both the houses exterior and interior fell into states of significant disrepair and neglect until August 2019, when local real estate agent James Gattuso purchased the home. Due to serious structural as well as cosmetic damage, consensus was reached that the house would not be financially feasible to restore, and it was demolished on July 8, 2020. Two single family houses will take its place on the 1.14 acre lot.</p><br>
<p>Interior, Charles Winship House Staircase (Post Vandalism).jpgStaircase (post-vandalism)</p><br>
<p>Winship House, Interior (pre-vandalism).jpgInterior (pre-vandalism)</p><br>
<p>Winship House Interior (Pre Vandalism).jpgInterior (pre-vandalism)</p><br>
<p>Charles Winship House Staircase (Pre Vandalism).jpgStaircase (pre-vandalism)</p><br>
<p>Interior, Charles Winship House Staircase (Posy Vandalism) 2.jpgStaircase (post-vandalism)</p><br>
<p>Interior, Charles Winship House Dining Room (Post Vandalism).jpgInterior (post-vandalism)</p><br>
<p>Demolition of Charles Winship House.pngDemolition</p><br>
<p>The Church–Lafayette Streets Historic District encompasses a well-preserved collection of late 18th- and early 19th-century houses in Wakefield, Massachusetts. It includes properties on Church Street between Common Street and North Avenue, and on Lafayette Street between Common and Church Streets. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Layout and design</h2><br>
<p>Church Street, which is immediately south of Lake Quannapowitt, was laid out in the late 17th century, but only had a single house from that period survive, the c. 1681 Hartshorne House at 41 Church Street. The Hartshorne House was remodeled in the Federal period of the late 18th/early 19th century, when many of the houses on Church Street were built. The houses at 40, 42, and 44 Church Street were originally built to the same basic plan (three bays wide and four deep), although #42 was later widened to the more typical five bay appearance. 38 Church Street is distinctive in Wakefield for having brick side walls.</p><br>
<p>Lafayette Street was laid out in 1824, and most of its houses are Greek Revival in character. The house at 34 Lafayette Street (c. 1835) has a high-style porch with fluted columns, and an elaborate Greek Revival entry with sidelights and fully surrounding architrave. 28 Lafayette (c. 1834) also has a doorway with sidelights, but it is flanked by pilasters. Across the street stands 23 Lafayette (c. 1834), which stands with its gable end to the street, unlike the other two, where the gable has a pedimental appearance made to look like stone.</p><br>
<p>The Common District encompasses the main civic center of Wakefield, Massachusetts. It is centered on the historic town common, just south of Lake Quannapowitt, which was laid in 1644, when it became the heart of Old Reading. The area was separated from Reading as South Reading in 1818, and renamed Wakefield in 1868. The 25 acre district includes the buildings that line the common on Common Street and Main Street, which include the town hall, public library, YMCA, post office, and several churches. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The town of Wakefield is located north of Boston, Massachusetts, and was originally part of Reading, which was established in 1644 on the southern shore of Lake Quannapowitt. Wakefield broke away from Reading in 1818 as South Reading, and was renamed Wakefield in 1868. The area of the common has continuously served as the civic and religious center of the community since its founding. The common was set aside in 1647, and its boundaries more formally demarcated in 1741. The common has since then been line with buildings and structures of civic importance, as well as residences. The original town burial ground stands behind the First Congregational Church, whose current building dates to about 1892.</p><br>
<p>The oldest surviving buildings facing the common date to the early 19th century, and include a few Federal period houses and the 1839 First Universalist Church. In addition to it and the Congregational Church, there are two other churches, dating to later in the 19th century. Most of the town&#39;s principal civic buildings date to the early 20th century, including the Lucius Beebe Memorial Library (1923), the main post office (1936), and the YMCA (1938). Town Hall was built in the 19th century as a high school, with Italianate features, and was restyled in 1938 when it was converted to house town offices.</p><br>
<p>Colby Hall is an historic building on the campus of Andover Newton Theological School at 141 Herrick Road in the village of Newton Centre in Newton, Massachusetts. It was built in 1866 in a mixture of Second Empire and Romanesque styles. It was named for Gardner Colby , who was treasurer of the school and also was the benefactor of Waterville College in Maine, which changed its name to Colby College in his honor. On January 30, 1978. it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>In 1977, Colby Hall was renovated by Drummey Rosane Anderson, Inc. (D-R-A) to serve as its design center.</p><br>
<p>The Bell Ford Post Patented Diagonal "Combination Bridge", often simply called the Bell Ford Bridge or Bell Ford Covered Bridge, is a dilapidated covered bridge located in Jackson County, Indiana, northwest of Seymour, Indiana. The bridge originally passed over the East Fork of the White River on a former alignment of State Road 258, and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 25, 2005.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was originally built in 1869. Built in two sections, the wood and iron bridge measured 325 feet long. It reflects a time when the construction of bridges began switching from wood to iron / steel, every tensile web in the trusses made of iron, every compression member made from wood. The now unusual use of both materials has made it said that the Bell Ford Bridge is "the best representation of the American engineering “combination” bridge form". Until 1970 it was regularly used by both cars and animals. The western span collapsed in February 1999 during a windstorm, and the eastern span collapsed on January 2, 2006, nine months after it made the National Register.</p><br>
<p>After the Bell Ford Bridge&#39;s January 2006 collapse, Jackson County Commission President Gary Darlage said: "There is nothing left of the Bell Ford Bridge and I will not spend another tax dollar on it. Ninety percent of the people in this county think it is asinine to even consider rebuilding that bridge. On July 25, 2007, United States Representative Baron Hill announced that the National Historic Covered Bridge Preservation Program would be giving the Bell Ford Bridge and two other covered bridges in Jackson County $2.08 million total for restoration. $448,000 of the grant was for the Bell Ford Bridge.</p><br>
<p>On August 19, 2008, the commissioners of Jackson County voted 3–0 to sell what remained of the bridge to an interest group who intended to rebuild the bridge at Fort Benjamin Harrison State Park in Indianapolis, Indiana, over 60 mi away from its current location. It would allow walkers and bikers to cross over Fall Creek. The restoration is expected to take two years and cost $2 million (USD), with a hope that federal grants will be available. It has been promised that historical markers will denote its history in Jackson County, but some preservationists in Jackson County decry it being moved, saying the grant money was already there to pay for its renovation in Jackson County. One thing that might stop the bridge from being moved is if Jackson County would have to repay $123,000 of federal money for design and restoration work it received to use on the bridge since 1999. In late May 2010 an Indiana Department of Transportation representative requested of Jackson County commissioners that a decision be made in the coming month.</p><br>
<p>The Cary Building is a commercial building located at 229 Gratiot Avenue  in Downtown Detroit. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Cary Building was built by Frank M. Cary, a speculator in Detroit real estate. Cary hired architect Richard E. Raseman (who also designed the Breitmeyer–Tobin Building, located across Broadway from the Cary, in 1905) to design the structure. The construction of the Cary Building began a transformation of Broadway (then called Miami Avenue) from an upper-class residential area into a fashionable commercial district.</p><br>
<p>As of 2013, the entire structure is in need of restoration. However, as of 2016, the building is owned by Rock Ventures and has seen some restoration work.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The five-story building, designed in the Beaux-Arts architectural style and faced with brick, is significant because of its strong use of vertical bays with capping arches. The street-level storefronts are topped with a stone beltcourse. The middle three floors along the Gratiot facade consist of five, three-story masonry arches with segmental heads. The arches contain recessed Chicago style windows on each floor. The outer bays have two-story round-headed arches trimmed in stone containing recessed double-hung windows, and a pair of double-hung windows above the arch on the fourth floor. The design of the end bays is repeated twice on the Broadway facade. The fifth floor is separated from the fourth by a stone beltcourse, and contains pairs of double-hung windows above each bay.</p><br>
<p>The original cornice of the building has been removed. The interior of the structure contains office space with no significant features.</p><br>
<p>The Harmonie Centre, also known as the Breitmeyer–Tobin Building, is an eight-story commercial building located at 1308 Broadway Street  in Downtown Detroit. It is part of the Broadway Avenue Historic District. It is also known as the Tobin Building. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. The east necklace of downtown links Grand Circus and the stadium area to Greektown along Broadway. The east necklace contains a sub-district sometimes called the Harmonie Park District, which has taken on the renowned legacy of Detroit&#39;s music from the 1930s through the 1950s and into the present.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Breitmeyer–Tobin Building was built in 1906 for John Breitmeyer Sons, Florists, who were at the time the leading florists in Detroit. The firm&#39;s president, Philip Breitmeyer, served as the mayor of Detroit from 1909 to 1911.</p><br>
<p>In 1926, the ownership of the building was transferred to the Peninsular Bank Company, and the building was renamed the Peninsular Bank Building. and ten years later, in the depths of the Great Depression, the building was 75% unoccupied; the main tenant was the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, who occupied the top floor. Metropolitan was notable for its willingness to write small insurance policies for African Americans. At around the same time, the owners of the building opened up office space to rental by African Americans; the building was one of the first downtown to do so.</p><br>
<p>In 1944, Benjamin Tobin acquired the building, renamed it the Breitmeyer–Tobin Building, and marketed the office space to black professionals. Notable African American firms had offices in the building, including the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (the largest Black union in America at the time); the law firm of Loomis, Jones, Piper and Colden; attorney Harold Bledsoe; optometrists William H. and Lloyd Lawson; and future judges Damon Keith and Hobart Taylor Jr.</p><br>
<p>The building has recently been refurbished, with commercial space on the first floor and various offices in the upper floors.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The eight-story building, designed by the architectural firm of Raseman & Fischer, It includes glazed terra cotta elements.</p><br>
<p>Walton-DeFuniak Library is a historic library located at 3 Circle Drive, in DeFuniak Springs, Walton County, Florida in the United States. Opened in 1887, it is the oldest continuously run library in the state. It is a contributing property in the DeFuniak Springs Historic District. The City of DeFuniak Springs and the commissioner’s office of the city donate funds to the Walton-DeFuniak library in order to keep the library running for patron benefit. While the original Walton-DeFuniak library was opened in 1886, there has been some debate as to exactly which library is the oldest in the state of Florida. Historians will say that the oldest library in Florida is actually located in St. Augustine.</p><br>
<p>In 1989, the library was listed in A Guide to Florida&#39;s Historic Architecture, published by the University of Florida Press.</p><br>
<p>There are over 25, 000 volumes available at the Walton-DeFuniak Library.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>After the Chautauqua association had their first session in DeFuniak Springs, locals realized there was a need for library resources to support it. Early writers saw this growth as a response to the cultural and educational needs of society, laying the foundation for theories of public library development based on democratic traditions or multiple social forces later associated prominently with Sidney Ditzion and Jesse Shera. The 1900 census revealed the DeFuniak Springs area experienced a population growth rate of 147 percent over a ten-year span. Local women raised 580 dollars in 1886-7 to build the library, and land on Lake DeFuniak for an annual rent of 25 cents. The local women who played such a large role in the creation of the library were a part of the Ladies Aide Society, later called the Ladies Library Association. The members earned money for books and kept the library opened until 1902, when an official librarian was hired. Alice Fellows became the first salaried librarian of Walton-Defuniak Library from 1896 to 1926. The library opened to the public on December 20, 1887. The library was sustained by subscription payments from members until the 1960s when the local government took over the financial responsibility to maintain the facility. The name was changed in 1975 to the Walton-DeFuniak library. In 1984, a rear section was added which blends architecturally with the original hardware-frame building.</p><br>
<p>The library was one of two Florida libraries that applied and was awarded a famed and sought after Carnegie grant, but had to decline the offer. Alice Fellows, in a newspaper article stated, "In 1910, W.W. Flourney secured for us the promise of $10,000 Carnegie. The offer was made again six years later, but the city needed other improvements which were considered more essential." The reciprocation of additional funds for the upkeep of the new library was a requirement for the receiving of a Carnegie grant.</p><br>
<p>The library was named in honor of Captain Frederick de Funiak, as was the village DeFuniak Springs in 1882.</p><br>
<h2>Weapons collection</h2><br>
<p>The library is also home to a collection of antique arms and armor originally owned by Palmer Colleges Professor Kenneth Bruce. His father, Wallace Bruce was appointed as a USA Consul in Scotland and the family lived in Edinburgh from 1889 to 1893, during this time Kenneth Bruce would begin to collect armor. Together Wallace and Kenneth Bruce would grow the collection, adding more items as they traveled around the world. As both father and son had been professors at Palmer College, one of the earliest established institutions in the area, the collection would be displayed and ultimately willed to the college by Kenneth Bruce after his passing in 1916. The collection remained at Palmer College until it closed in 1936, when it was turned over to the city to pay off part of the colleges debts. The collection would be housed at the DeFuniak Springs City Hall until 1945, when there was a fire at the city hall which the collection survived. After this point the collection would find itself in different areas of Walton County, from a corner of the old fire station to the Walton County High School Anchor Club in the 1960s, before its arrival at the library in 1984.</p><br>
<p>The collection holds over a hundred weapons and pieces of armor. Although there is no documentation to go along with the items, through research and the help of knowledgeable visitors interested in weapons, it has become possible to identify the country and estimated dates of origin for several items on display. Among the items found in the collection are Japanese handguns, African spears, and European helmets. A large number of the weapons are European and from the era of the Crusades. There are also many others from the Orient, as well as Kentucky muskets from the 18th century.</p><br>
<p>Vollintine Hills Historic District is a historic district located in the Midtown area of Memphis, Tennessee, notable for its cohesive collection of 78 post-World War II Minimal Traditional and ranch-style houses built around a former synagogue. "The neighborhood represents the efforts of members of an Orthodox religious group to accommodate their beliefs by developing a synagogue and housing for the congregation within easy walking distance."</p><br>
<p>Added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2007, the area also includes the former site of the Baron Hirsch Synagogue, built in two phases—1950-52 and 1955-57—in the International Style and set on a 12.4 acre site at the southwest corner of the district.</p><br>
<p>When it was completed in 1957, the main sanctuary of the synagogue was the largest in the United States, according to the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America.</p><br>
<p>Houses within the district are largely "intact and homogeneous building stock constructed between 1946–1957" in conjunction with the synagogue, and are within walking distance of the former synagogue. They originally served to house its orthodox Jewish congregation." The district has been singled out for its unity by both "its historic building stock and contiguity to the former synagogue."</p><br>
<p>Vollintine Hills is notable as a clearly definable geographic area, whose physical development, "defined by the needs of a religious community," is "readily distinguishable from surrounding properties."</p><br>
<p>Although the synagogue was vacated in 1984 and moved to a new location farther east in Memphis, the original building still stands and in 1992 was sold by the congregation to the Gethsemane Garden Church of God in Christ. The historic area "continues to be a viable area today, adapting to changing times and needs."</p><br>
<p>Vollintine Hills is located approximately four miles east of the downtown Memphis central building district in the northern section of the Midtown area, and is roughly bounded by Vollintine Avenue, Brown Avenue, McLean Boulevard, and Evergreen Street.</p><br>
<h2>Recent events</h2><br>
<p>In 2008, a controversial proposal to build a multistory 117-unit apartment development on 2.81 acre of land behind the former synagogue site was rejected by the Memphis City Council. Fearing that the project would "affect the integrity of the Vollintine Hills" historic district and "destabilize the neighborhood," residents of the Vollintine Hills neighborhood had vigorously opposed the development, which was part of a proposal by the Gethsemane Garden Church of God in Christ, which purchased the former synagogue in 1992. The Memphis City Council sided with Vollintine Hills residents, ultimately upholding a 1947 covenant covering the kind of housing allowed in the neighborhood, restricting it specifically to single-family houses on individual lots. Parts of the covenant read, "All lots in the subdivision shall be described as residential" and "No construction other than single-family dwellings shall be built and none over two stories."</p><br>
<p>Residents of the area had united for several months, voicing their concerns that the development would affect the integrity of the historic district by introducing a high occupancy structure into the district of single-family homes which mark its character and for which it was cited for inclusion in the NRHP. Increased traffic, parking, and environmental impact were also issues of concern.</p><br>
<p>Residents intensified their efforts after an initial approval of the project by the Memphis Land Use Control Board despite their opposition.</p><br>
<p>Project developers had altered their plans repeatedly in response to the concerns by neighbors about the size and design of the proposed development, scaling back the original proposal.</p><br>
<p>Local news coverage took note of the Vollintine Hills community&#39;s highly organized opposition and efforts to preserve the character of their historic neighborhood, characterizing the district as "a middle-income area of 50- to 80-year-old homes on the National Register of Historic Places that is vigorously maintained by some of the most diligent neighborhood activists in town."</p><br>
<p>Banning House, also known as the General Phineas Banning Residence Museum, is a historic Greek Revival-Victorian home in the Wilmington section of Los Angeles, California. Built in 1863 by Phineas Banning near the original San Pedro Bay, it remained in the Banning family until 1925 and has been owned by the City of Los Angeles since 1927. The home, barn and gardens are now operated as a museum. The Banning House property, also known as Banning Park, has been designated as a city Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument and state California Historical Landmark and has been federally listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History and architecture</h2><br>
<p>Banning House was designed by Phineas Banning, and has been described as "one of the best examples of Greek Revival architecture in the west." It originally had 30 rooms, but some rooms have been combined, and the house now has 24 rooms. Banning was reported to have lavishly entertained the ships&#39; captains while they were at Wilmington, encouraging them to stay in port and seal up leaks in their ships with tar from the La Brea Tar Pits. The story goes: "Strangely enough Banning repeated this warning (about leaky ships) over and over for about three years until his mansion was completed in 1864."</p><br>
<p>The house was a departure from the adobe haciendas that predominated in Southern California at the time and became a showplace. During Banning&#39;s life, the house was the site of parties, or "regales" as Banning called them, attended by United States senators, congressmen, governors, foreign dignitaries, ship captains, Army officers, and business leaders. It has been said that "no home in all California represents the horse and carriage era more fully than the Banning Mansion, where for decades Phineas entertained the elite of the social, economic, and political world." The house was also reportedly the site of "the first yachting party on the West Coast."</p><br>
<p>Banning arrived in Los Angeles in 1851 and built successful transportation businesses, including ships, railroads, and stage coach lines running from Wilmington to Los Angeles, San Bernardino, and Fort Yuma. He founded Wilmington (named after his hometown of Wilmington, Delaware) in 1858, built the first railroad in Los Angeles (the Los Angeles and San Pedro Railroad) in 1869, designed and promoted the first breakwater at the Los Angeles harbor, and is considered the "Father of the Port of Los Angeles." Banning was reportedly fond of walking up the stairs of the house to his fourth floor cupola where he would watch the ships arriving with cargoes. He was also elected to the California legislature in 1867 and 1869. Banning lived in the house for more than 20 years until his death in 1885. Banning died at age 53 after being knocked down and run over by a passing express wagon while visiting San Francisco.</p><br>
<h2>Operation as a museum</h2><br>
<p>After Phineas Banning died, Hancock Banning maintained the residence until his death in 1894, In 1934, the Los Angeles Board of Park Commissioners proposed restoring the house, and the Banning family donated many of the original furnishings and equipment. Motion picture studios, including Twentieth-Century Fox, Warner Brothers and Paramount, contributed wallpapers to conform to the Civil War era. Following the restoration, the formal dedication took place in 1936 and was attended by Governor Frank Merriam, Senator William Gibbs McAdoo, and Mayor Frank L. Shaw. It opened to the public in 1938, closed in 1941 at the start of World War II, and did not reopen until 1952.</p><br>
<p>The house is operated as the General Phineas Banning Residence Museum. In addition to the house and its furnishings, the museum includes a basement-level gallery with photographs depicting the history of the port, the Banning family, and Wilmington. The museum also includes a large display of 19th century stagecoaches located in the barn and a one-room school house adjacent to the house. The gardens include eucalyptus trees (reputed to be the first to be planted in California) and large wisteria vines planted in the late 19th century.</p><br>
<p>The museum is open for docent-led tours Tuesday through Thursdays (12:30, 1:30 and 2:30) and Saturdays through Sundays (12:30, 1:30, 2:30 and 3:30); a $5 donation is requested for persons 12 years and older.</p><br>
<h2>Historic designations</h2><br>
<p>Banning Park, including the Banning House, barn and gardens, was designated California Historical Landmarks in 1935. After the creation of the Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Commission in 1962, the house became one of the earliest sites designated as a Banning Park (HCM #25) in October 1963. It was also the sixth site in Los Angeles to be listed on the National Register of Historic Places, receiving its listing in May 1971.</p><br>
<p>California Historical Landmark Marker NO. 147 at the site reads:</p><br>
<p>NO. 147 BANNING PARK - General Phineas Banning, State Senator and pioneer in the development of transportation in Southern California, built this house in the 1850s, soon after founding the town of Wilmington. He and his family lived here until his death in 1885. In 1927 the property was deeded to the city.</p><br>
<p>The Coshocton County Courthouse, designed in Second Empire style, is a historic courthouse building located at 349 Main Street in Coshocton, Ohio. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 22, 1973.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Coshocton County was established in 1811 with the county seat placed at Coshocton. The courts first met in Colonel Charles Williams Tavern and paid the owner $300 a year for rent. The county found this amount too large for the budget and instead turned to another location, a building owned by Wilson McGowan. The courts remained in this location until 1824, when an actual courthouse was built.</p><br>
<p>The courthouse was located in the central business district on a landscaped public square, which is still the current site. The building cost almost $2,000 to construct and furnish and was two stories tall. A central bell tower crowned the building and contained a bell that would also be used in the next courthouse.</p><br>
<p>The 1824 courthouse was showing its age and use by a growing population. The county officials were soon looking for plans for a new courthouse. These plans were drawn up by the architectural firm of Carpenter & Williams from Meadville, Pennsylvania in the Second Empire style with some Italianate touches. (From the extreme similarity in architectural form it appears that Carpenter & Williams drew on the 1862 building plans of Chapman Hall—on the campus of today&#39;s University of Mount Union in Alliance, Ohio—which was completed in 1864.) The final cost was $100,000 but has remained virtually unchanged since it was finished in 1875.</p><br>
<h2>Exterior</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse is constructed of red brick with stone quoins. The main building is a rectangular base with a projected bay with a central projected tower. The first-floor windows are long rectangles with decorative mouldings, and the second-floor windows are long, arched windows. The mansard roof rests on a decorative entablature with dormers and white trim.</p><br>
<p>The tower contains the entrance reached by a flight of steps. The windows reaching to the top are two sets of arched windows with decorative recessed bays, with the top window being palladian style. The mansard roof of the tower contains a pair of arched windows; a clock rests above each pair of windows and was once housed in the original courthouse. The top of the tower is capped by a balcony with wrought-iron railing.</p><br>
<p>The Broadway Avenue Historic District is a historic district located on a single city block along Broadway Avenue between Gratiot and East Grand River in downtown Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. The Broadway Avenue Historic District joins the Randolph Street Commercial Buildings Historic District, a rare surviving commercial area which dates from the 1840s.</p><br>
<h2>Description and significance</h2><br>
<p>The Broadway Avenue Historic District contains eleven commercial buildings built between 1896 and 1926. Three of those buildings — the Cary Building and the Breitmeyer–Tobin Building at the southern end, and the Merchants Building at the north end — are listed on the National Register of Historic Places in their own right.</p><br>
<p>The architectural terra cotta used on these structures unifies the appearance of the district. The district is significant for its architecture, its commercial history, its ethnic heritage, and for its association with Philip Breitmeyer, mayor of Detroit from 1909 to 1911.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The area where the district is located was developed in the late 1800s as a commercial area catering to the womens trade, and included businesses such as hairdressers, florists, corset makers, and fashionable clothiers. The Breitmeyer-Tobin Building on Broadway Avenue, now called Harmonie Centre, opened to African-American tenants in 1936. In the 1950s, ethnic and immigrant-owned shops moved into the area, with some of them still in the districts to the present day. The east necklace of downtown links Grand Circus and the stadium area to Greektown along Broadway. The east necklace contains a sub-district sometimes called the Harmonie Park District in the Broadway Avenue Historic District which has taken on the legacy of Detroits music from the 1930s through the 1950s and into the present.</p><br>
<p>St. Cecilia Church is a Roman Catholic parish church in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York and a historic landmark located at 120 East 106th Street between Park Avenue and Lexington Avenue, Manhattan, New York City, New York. The parish was established in 1873. It was staffed by the Redemptorist Fathers from 1939 to 2007. The church was designated a New York City landmark in 1976. The church and convent were listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>St. Cecilias parish developed from the southern portion of St. Pauls for what was then a predominantly Irish congregation. In the summer of 1873, the Very Reverend Hugh Flattery established a chapel in the Old Red House, a resort hotel located on 105th Street in East Harlem, until a small frame church was built, which was dedicated on August 20, 1873. In 1881, his successor, Monsignor William P. Flannelly purchased land on 106th St. and commenced building a church. The cornerstone was laid on September 9, 1883. Services were conducted in the completed basement, and the old church was donated to Holy Rosary parish and moved to E. 119th St. The church was dedicated by Archbishop Michael Corrigan on November 27, 1887.</p><br>
<p>Rev. Michael J. Phelan became pastor in 1884. He completed the church and built the parish school, St. Cecilia&#39;s Institute, staffed by the Sisters of Mercy, who also conducted a home for working women. The home for working women ceased operations in the late 1930s, leaving only the sisters in the building. In November 1956, the Sisters of the Atonement opened a kindergarten and day care on the first floor.</p><br>
<p>The parish of the Church of the Holy Agony was merged into that of St. Cecilia&#39;s.</p><br>
<p>In July 2018, the parish conducted a "Street Mass" outside the church to reach out to homebound and fallen-away Catholics who live within the parish boundaries, and also accommodate parishioners physically unable to navigate the church&#39;s steep steps.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Constructed of brick and terra cotta, building began in 1883 to designs by Napoleon LeBrun & Sons in the Romanesque Revival style; it was completed in 1877. Father Phelan acted as general contractor. The "...façade includes a porch that is supported by ten red granite columns, above which are seven stained glass windows. A large terra cotta relief of St. Cecilia, playing an organ is embedded into an arched panel on the building’s central gable. An octagonal tower flanks each side of the front. The AIA Guide to New York City (2010) describes the church as an "ornate brick and terra-cotta facade is one of East Harlem&#39;s special treasures. Neo-Italian Romanesque, it has an exuberance that evaded most of Northern Europe."</p><br>
<p>Adjacent to the church, the "Regina Angelorum" was built 1907 to the designs of Neville & Bagge, a façade that unites what was a home for working women built in 1883 and a convent built in 1885. "In the late 1930s, the convent took over the entire building until 2004, when the building was converted to the Cristo Rey New York High School."</p><br>
<p>In 1927, the church built a four-storey brick dwelling house at 123-25 East 105th Street to designs by Thomas J. Duff of 348 West 14th Street for $60,000.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>The Denver Dry Goods Company Building is a historic department store building located in downtown Denver, Colorado. For a while, the store was claimed to be the largest department store west of Chicago. A description on one postcard from 1916 read: "The Largest Store in the Central West, 400 Feet long-Seven Acres Floor Area, 1,200 Employees, A $1,500,000 Stock, 15th to 16th on California Street Denver Colorado".</p><br>
<p>The flagship store of The Denver Dry Goods Company, the retailer was part of Associated Dry Goods, and under ADG the downtown Denver store was renovated. Many Colorado residents fondly recall the stores&#39; motto, "Where Colorado Shops With Confidence." The store was acquired by May Company as part of Associated Dry Goods Corp. in 1986.</p><br>
<p>Originally built in 1889, the store was expanded in 1898, 1906 and 1924. It was converted to apartments in 1994.</p><br>
<p>Smith&#39;s Irrigation Ditch, originally the Big Ditch and also known as the City Ditch, is a historic ditch primarily visible in Washington Park, Denver, Colorado. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Denver&#39;s first irrigation canal, it was surveyed and built during 1860 to 1867, as an open unlined ditch 3 ft wide at its bottom, steep sides, and 7 ft wide at the top. It was dug using horse-drawn plows and scrapers, in addition to manual labor.</p><br>
<p>It runs from the Chatfield Dam through 15 mi of Englewood, Colorado, with Englewood taking some of its municipal water supply from it. Denver&#39;s Water Department takes control at Harvard Gulch near S. Downing St. and East Harvard Avenue and runs it through an enclosed pipeline, now, for about 8 mi to Washington Park, where it remains as an open channel. It sustains trees, flowers, grass there.</p><br>
<p>The Joslin Dry Goods Company Building  is a historic building in downtown Denver, Colorado.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Joslins Department Store began as Joslin Dry Goods Company founded by John Jay Joslin in 1873; It was a direct competitor to The Denver Dry Goods Company which commenced operations in 1888.</p><br>
<p>Joslin&#39;s Dry Goods later evolved into a department store and was purchased by Mercantile Stores, a Fairfield, Ohio-based department store conglomerate.</p><br>
<p>The building was designed by Denver architect Frank E. Edbrooke and renovated in 1902, 1927, and 1964. The company rebranded as Joslins following the 1964 remodel, which also significantly altered the building&#39;s exterior.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1997. The building was redeveloped as a 177-room Courtyard by Marriott hotel shortly thereafter.</p><br>
<p>The Evans Memorial Chapel  is an historic chapel on the campus of the University of Denver in Colorado. It is the oldest continuously-used building for religious purposes in Denver. Completed in 1878, the Evans Memorial Chapel was built with patronage by John Evans in honor of his daughter Josephine. Evans was governor of the Colorado Territory and a founder of the Colorado Seminary . Once part of Grace Church, a prominent Methodist Episcopal congregation on 13th Avenue and Bannock in downtown Denver, the small Gothic Revival chapel was moved to the University of Denvers campus in 1959. It reopened there in April 1960, and is now the campuss oldest building. It currently serves as an interdenominational chapel and wedding venue.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>John Evans, the then-former governor of the Territory of Colorado, had founded both Northwestern University and Colorado Seminary as Methodist Episcopal colleges, the latter eventually becoming the University of Denver. In 1873, Evans contributed funding after being asked to support the construction of a new chapel that had grown out of "Evans Mission Sunday-school" of Lawerence Street Methodist Church (later renamed Trinity Church) in what was then southern Denver. The same year, Evans also initiated subscription fundraising for this chapel&#39;s construction to honor his late daughter Josephine, who had died of consumption in 1868 at age 24. Josephine had been married to former territorial governor and Colorado Supreme Court justice Samuel Hitt Elbert.</p><br>
<p>After several years of slow subscription collection, the chapel–which cost $13,000 –was completed in 1878.</p><br>
<p>Elizabeth Iliff, widow of John Wesley Iliff, would use her husband&#39;s estate to fund the establishment of the Iliff School of Theology as part of University of Denver following his death in 1878. She later met Henry White Warren, an influential Methodist Episcopal bishop and the first resident Methodist bishop of Colorado. Elizabeth, who proved successful in business like her first husband, married Warren in the Evans Chapel on 27 December 1883.</p><br>
<p>Horato S. Hilton was assigned as the chapels first pastor while also serving as pastor of St. James. After two years, J. F. McClelland was assigned as pastor, serving in 1880 and 1881 until his poor health forced him out and left University of Denver chancellor David Hastings Moore to fill the vacancy. McClellands pastorate saw only five people listed as members of the chapels congregation, including one who was not able to be found and another who reported that he did not know he was a member. During this period, Evanss pew at the chapel cost him $1,400. B. W. Baker was appointed as a minister of the Evans Chapel in 1881 by the local conference&#39;s meeting in Leadville; Moore was formally assigned to the chapel in 1883.</p><br>
<p>It was common in the 19th-century Methodist Episcopal Church to reserve the best church appointments for influential non-local ministers who often only remained in the Methodist Episcopal Churchs Colorado Conference territory briefly. Among these appointments was that of the Central Pennsylvania Conferences C. W. Buoy to the Evans Memorial Chapel in 1882. Buoy, the son-in-law of Bishop Simpson, remained only two years, drawing a salary of $6,300. During Buoys appointment, Simpson visited Denver, where he was received as a popular orator and developed a positive opinion of the city; Simpson would hold a stake in Denver real estate development at his death in 1884. Henry A. Buchtel, who would later become chancellor of the University of Denver and state governor of Colorado, was a pastor in the Methodist Episcopal Church and was made the pastor of Evans Chapel in 1886. Buchtels talents there soon earned him the more prestigious pastoral position at Lawerence Street Church.</p><br>
<p>Another minister, former Indiana congressman Gilbert De La Matyr, became the chapel congregation&#39;s leader in 1886 when it numbered 183 members. At his departure in 1889, the congregation had 234 members. De La Matyr had preached a sermon in January 1888 which recognized the need to build more space for the new members. After the sermon was reprinted in the Rocky Mountain News, a new sanctuary was constructed, funded by donations, for $85,000. It was dedicated in January 1889 with no debt. This larger structure, adjoining the original chapel, was named Grace Church. The 1889 expansion was a red sandstone structure like the chapel, but much larger, with a tall spire. An organ for Grace Church was acquired for $10,000.</p><br>
<p>Christian Fichthorne Reisner would become the pastor of the congregation by 1905, serving until 1911. Reisner then moved to Manhattan where he gained attention as the most oft-published Methodist pastor and as a staunch prohibitionist of "gangster sociability". Elmer Ellsworth Higley became a pastor in June 1910.</p><br>
<p>Grace Churchs congregation at one point reached 900 members, but had shrunk to 385 by 1912. Bishop White Warrens death that year initiated a period of change for the church and area. Charles O. Thibodeau made efforts to integrate Grace Church into the changing surrounding community after becoming pastor in 1915. Succeeded by George A. Lackland in 1918, further community efforts saw the congregation grow to 1,003 members in 1922. Among the initiatives the church organized was the Colorado Labor College, with labor organizer John R. Lawson as its dean. Later pastors failed to maintain the growth: the church claimed 280 members in 1930 and the Grace Community Center was spun off from the church in 1935.</p><br>
<p>The Grace Church Methodist congregation would move to the Denver neighborhood of University Hills after a final worship service in December 1953. The Evans Chapel and Grace Church were initially sold off to another denomination that worshipped at their original location from 1953 to 1958.</p><br>
<h3>Modern location</h3><br>
<p>The former Grace Church property with the chapel was resold to the University of Denver, which had been looking to purchase the property since 1947, in 1958. Martin Rist, then President of the Rocky Mountain Methodist Historical Society, was informed of the plans and asked the universitys chancellor Chester M. Alter to save the chapel. Alter embraced the idea and penned an opinion piece in the Rocky Mountain News entitled "Lets Save the Chapel!" The move was funded by a donation from John Evans, the former president of the universitys board of trustees and grandson of the governor John Evans who had sponsored the chapels original construction, as well as other members of the Evans family.</p><br>
<p>The size of the 1889 expansion, Grace Church, made moving it impractical and it was demolished. The original chapels size, though comparatively small, made it impossible to transport the chapel in one piece the six miles to its new location; even if electrical lines and traffic lights could be removed, the buildings weight of 427 tons was too great for any bridges. A Denver traffic engineer, asserting that the chapel could not be moved, said "We have enough trouble with chicken coops." Instead, the chapel was disassembled, pieces marked, and transported once fully dismantled to the university&#39;s campus at a cost of $80,000. Four months of rebuilding culminated on 22 April 1960 with an "Act of Thanksgiving" and re-dedication ceremony. Fourteen graduating seniors were selected to perform the dedication, which was attended by 60 United Methodist Church bishops who were in Denver for the General Conference. The chapel was re-established as a "Protestant center on the campus".</p><br>
<p>The area around the relocated Evans Memorial Chapel was converted into a garden for $125,000. The funding, granted to the school in 1964, came from Heber Harper, who had been chancellor of the university from 1922 to 1927. Elements of the Harper Memorial Garden–also known as the Humanities Gardens When the universitys larger Buchtel Chapel was lost to a fire in 1983, the Evans Chapel took over many of the destroyed buildings duties.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>The Evans Memorial Chapel is a relatively small structure with an exterior of rusticated Colorado red sandstone. The chapel&#39;s congregation rapidly outgrew the size of the building–roughly 40 feet wide, 50 feet long, and 40 feet tall</p><br>
<p>A 1967 survey by the Colorado Historical Society assessed the building as being in "excellent" condition, though some damaged elements had been recently replaced. Among the replaced portions is a stone cross originally from the demolished larger sanctuary. An organ was added in 1965.</p><br>
<p>The chapels stained glass windows were moved with the rest of the structure to the University of Denvers campus. Due to aging and poorly executed prior repairs, some stained glass was removed to be restored with repainting and stabilization in 2022. Broken or missing pieces were replaced using the inventory of the restoring firm—the same firm that had been employed to help move the stained glass in 1959. However, it was announced that mismatched pieces would be retained as historic "idiosyncrasies". Additionally, the lead being used in the repairs dates to the same 1880s period as the original windows. The restoration is projected to be completed in 2023.</p><br>
<p>While the move and reconstruction of the Evans Memorial Chapel on the University of Denvers campus included deliberate and constrained efforts to preserve the chapels appearance and original elements, modifications were made then and over the course of the chapel&#39;s lifetime. Among these was the addition and removal of a stage before 1945 and replacement of damaged portions of the stonework.</p><br>
<p>The Midland Terminal Railroad Roundhouse is a historic 14 stall railroad roundhouse in Colorado Springs, Colorado, located on US Highway 24 at 21st street. It is between Manitou Springs and the central business district of Colorado Springs. The building was constructed and operated by the Colorado Midland Railroad which was founded in 1883 but the roundhouse dates from 1887-88. It was located in Colorado City until 1917, when Colorado City became part of Colorado Springs. Due to the World War I Railroad War Board rerouting of Colorado Midland traffic to the Denver and Rio Grande Western, the CM shutdown in 1917 and went into bankruptcy in 1918. The roundhouse was then owned and operated by the Midland Terminal Railway which purchased the Colorado Midland portion from Colorado Springs to Divide, Colorado in 1921. The MT shut down in 1949.</p><br>
<p>Van Briggle Pottery purchased the roundhouse in 1955 and renovated the building with interior partitions, office space and pottery plant. They called it their Midland Plant. Van Briggle prospered at the location for over 50 years until they moved to a new location in November 2008. The size of the roundhouse had become a burden on the business and the owners wanted to downsize. They reopened at 1024 S. Tejon Street in May 2009</p><br>
<p>The roundhouse was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>The roundhouse was sold to local developer Griffis/Blessing who gutted the building to its original stone walls and wood timber frame and renovated the building at a cost of $2.5 million into an upscale retail center. The renovation included glass windows framed by the original track door openings. In May 2009 Carmichael Training Systems, the coach for Lance Armstrong, moved into the renovated roundhouse. Included in their facility is Endurance Sports Club, a training facility. They occupy about 10,500 square feet of the 38,000-square-foot building.</p><br>
<p>In February 2012 construction began for Colorado Mountain Brewery to open their second location in the roundhouse.</p><br>
<p>The Montgomery Ward Building is a historic department store building in downtown Pueblo, Colorado. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. Currently used as an office building, it houses the American Bank of Commerce, the Colorado Lottery, and the Pueblo Work Force Center. Previously it was occupied by QualMed as its headquarters.</p><br>
<p>It was built in 1936. It is a two-story 72 x building. The building was deemed notable "as an intact example of the Montgomery Ward Company&#39;s standard Georgian Revival corporate style used for its department stores from 1933 to 1948&quot it is the only example of the Montgomery Ward Georgian Revival style in the state.</p><br>
<p>The Fayette County Courthouse is a historic courthouse building located at 110 East Court Street in Washington Court House, Ohio. On July 2, 1973, it was added to the National Register.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The area that is currently Fayette County was once part of the Virginia Military District and was established as a county in 1810 from part of Ross County. The county seat was placed at Bloomingburg and court was held in the home of John Devault. The county seat was moved to Washington Court House in 1812 and a wooden structure was built that year. This building was replaced by a brick structure in 1813, and ultimately burned downed in 1828.</p><br>
<p>The county rebuilt at the same site in 1828, erecting a structure with 40 ft&sup2; and an additional wing measuring 14 x 30 ft. This was soon deemed too small and a new courthouse was designed by architect David W. Gibbs and began construction in 1882. The courthouse closely resembles the county courthouse in Marion. The courthouse was completed in 1885 and has served the county since.</p><br>
<h2>Exterior</h2><br>
<p>The Second Empire style building rises three-stories on its square foundation. The ground floor consists of smooth stone blocks and rectangular windows. The building contains central projections with smooth stone blocks on all faces with a flight of stairs accessing the entrances. The entrances are set into a recessed arched alcove with two long arched windows on the fronts. Above the alcove is a small balcony topped by a pediment, which is supported by four Ionic columns. The pediment contains a tympanum decorated with a wreath surrounded by flags. A balustrade lines the balcony. The second floor contains arched windows set into rusticated stone blocks. Decorative carved wreaths are set between each window. The third floor is lined with smooth stones and is pierced by long rectangular windows topped by a small square window above. A decorative frieze runs along this floor between the windows and Corinthian pilasters frame each window. The roof is supported by an entablature with dentil moldings and a balustrade lines the flat roof. A central tower rises on a solid bricked drum, the drum supports an arched and pillared bell tower. The bell tower is topped by a four faced clock which supports a dome rising to a statue.</p><br>
<p>The Montgomery Ward Building is an historic, American department store building that is located in Lewistown, Mifflin County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>The east facade of this historic structure faces the Mifflin County Courthouse on Monument Square. One of the initial retail outlets constructed by the Montgomery Ward Company, this building was erected in 1929. Designed in the Art Deco style, it consists of the store building and attached office building. The store is two-stories, with a mezzanine level and measures approximately 40 feet by 150 feet. The office building is two-stories and measures approximately 30 feet by 145 feet. They are both of steel frame construction with brick exterior walls and feature terra cotta ornamentation.</p><br>
<p>This is an impressive example of Art Deco style architecture which includes two-story bay windows and pilasters, bands of glazed terra-cotta panels and a female figure holding a torch. This image was a standard Montgomery Ward logo known as the "Spirit of Progress." The building suffered a major fire on December 20, 1936 but was renovated and the business thrived until Montgomery Ward went out of business in the early 1980s.</p><br>
<p>The entire building was remodeled into offices in the 1980s and currently houses a variety of businesses including In Home Services of Central PA, United Cerebral Palsy, Snowflake&#39;s On The Square Christmas Shop, and the Mifflin-Juniata Arts Council.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>The J. C. Penney–Chicago Store is a historic department store building in downtown Tucson, Arizona, United States. Built in 1903 for the Los Angeles Furniture Co, it housed J. C. Penney by July 25, 1942. In 1957, after J. C. Penney moved to the west side of Stone Avenue just north of Pennington Street, Aaronson Brothers moved in. The Chicago Store moved in after the El Paso-based department store closed in 1967. This building had the last complete original vintage interior in Downtown Tucson with stamped tin ceilings and period woodwork until it was completely gutted in 2020–2022.</p><br>
<p>The J. C. Penney Company Building located at 104 S. Rail Street in Shoshone, Idaho, is a historic department store building. It was built in 1918 by stonemason Ignacio Berriochoa.</p><br>
<p>The building was identified in a Thematic Resource study, "Lava Rock Structures in South Central Idaho thematic group", and it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 8, 1983.</p><br>
<p>The J. C. Penney Co. Warehouse Building, formerly also known as Edison Brothers Warehouse Building, and now Edison Condominiums, is a historic warehouse building in downtown St. Louis, Missouri. The building now serves as a condo-hotel.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building was constructed in 1929 as a warehouse for the J.C. Penney retail chain. It occupied the building until 1954, after which it was donated to the University of Missouri as a location for an education center, which never materialized. In 1967, the university leased the warehouse to Edison Brothers Stores, which used it as a warehouse for its retail operations until 1994. In 1983, the company commissioned muralist Richard Haas to paint a trompe-lœil mural on three sides of the building that mimicked architectural stonework, using themes derived from the 1904 St. Louis Worlds Fair.</p><br>
<p>The building reopened in 2001 after a $54 million renovation as a combination of condominiums and the Sheraton St. Louis City Center hotel. The hotel left Sheraton in 2014 and was unbranded until 2018, when it became a Red Lion Hotel. It closed in 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and reopened in 2022 as an OYO Hotel. It is set to be renovated, at a cost of $46 million, and will regain its Sheraton flag.</p><br>
<p>The Safeway Stores Office and Warehouse Building is a historic building near downtown Kansas City, Missouri. The building was designed by Kansas City architects Archer and Gloyd and was built by local contractor J. H. Thompson in 1929. It served as Safeway&#39;s regional produce and canned goods warehouse, as well as the regional headquarters for the chain. The warehouse served a region extending from Topeka, Kansas in the west to St. Joseph, Missouri in the north, Columbia, Missouri in the east to Joplin, Missouri in the south.</p><br>
<p>The 84,000 ft&sup2; four-story building is approximately 100 ft by 140 ft. The concrete structure is clad with brick and stone on the main (west) facade, while the remaining sides reveal the concrete. The interior is supported by concrete mushroom columns.</p><br>
<p>A loading dock was added in 1949. The facility was operated by Safeway until 1953, when it was purchased by the Halls Company. Another addition was made in 1976.</p><br>
<p>The Sunset Tower Hotel, previously known as The St. Jamess Club and The Argyle, is a historic building and hotel located on the Sunset Strip in West Hollywood, California, United States. Designed in 1929 by architect Leland A. Bryant, opened in 1931, it is considered one of the finest examples of Art Deco architecture in the Los Angeles area. In its early years, it was the residence of many Hollywood celebrities, including John Wayne and Howard Hughes. After a period of decline in the early 1980s, the building was renovated and has been operated as a luxury hotel under the names The St. Jamess Club, The Argyle, and most recently the Sunset Tower Hotel. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Construction and architecture</h2><br>
<p>The art deco Sunset Tower is considered one of the finest examples of the Streamline Moderne form of Art Deco architecture in Southern California. In their guide to Los Angeles architecture, David Gebhard and Robert Winter wrote that "this tower is a first class monument of the Zig Zag Moderne and as much an emblem of Hollywood as the Hollywood sign." It is situated in a commanding location on the Sunset Strip with views of the city and is decorated with plaster friezes of plants, animals, zeppelins, legendary creatures and Adam and Eve. When it was completed in August 1931 at a cost of $750,000, the Los Angeles Times reported: "What is described to be the tallest apartment-house in Los Angeles County, rising 15 stories or 195 feet, was completed last week at Kings Road and Sunset Boulevard by W.I. Moffett, general contractor, for E.M. Fleming, owner."</p><br>
<h2>Hollywood landmark</h2><br>
<p>Marketing the building to Hollywood celebrities, an advertisement in the February 1938 issue of the Screen Actors Guild magazine read: "Faultless in Appointment-The Ultimate in Privacy... Hollywood&#39;s Most Distinguished Address."</p><br>
<p>In 1944, Bugsy Siegel, described by the Los Angeles Times as a "Hollywood sportsman," was charged with placing bets via long distance in the Sunset Tower apartment of his associate, Allen Smiley. Also at Smileys apartment that day were A-list actor George Raft and Siegels sister&#39;s husband, Sol Solloway. Neither Raft nor Solloway was arrested. Siegel called it "a bum rap," and witnesses testified that Siegel and his friends were only playing "a friendly game of gin rummy." Siegel and Smiley later pleaded guilty, paid $250 fines.</p><br>
<p>The building is often incorrectly cited as the venue for the "Battle of the Balcony," in August 1944, in which bandleader Tommy Dorsey, Dorseys wife Patricia Dane and Siegel associate Allen Smiley fought actor Jon Hall on the balcony of Dorseys apartment. The fight actually took place down the street at the Sunset Plaza Apartments, where Smiley had moved after his bookmaking arrest at the Sunset Tower in May. Dorsey, Dane and Smiley were later charged with felonious assault. After a trial, complete with a media circus, charges were dropped on December 7, 1944.</p><br>
<p>In 1947, Truman Capote wrote in a letter: " I am living in a very posh establishment, the Sunset Tower, which, or so the local gentry tell me, is where every scandal that ever happened happened." Others report that the Sunset Tower was "notorious for having the best-kept call girls in Hollywood."</p><br>
<p>The hotel has also appeared in several feature films, including The Italian Job, The Player, Strange Days, Get Shorty, and Freaky Friday (2003). In the television show Cannon, the titular character (portrayed by William Conrad) resided at the tower, and the building&#39;s exterior was featured prominently throughout the series. The hotel is also used for exterior shots of LUX in the series Lucifer.</p><br>
<h2>Decline in the 1980s</h2><br>
<p>By 1982, a plan to convert the building to condominiums failed, and construction was halted abruptly with residents still living there. The building had deteriorated and was described as "like something from a war-ravaged land." At the time, resident Werner Klemperer (Col. Klink from Hogan&#39;s Heroes) said of the building: "Welcome to Beirut West."</p><br>
<h2>The St. James&#39;s Club</h2><br>
<p>The building was saved from deterioration and possible demolition when it was purchased in 1985 from architect David Lawrence Gray, FAIA by Peter de Savary who promised to "lovingly restore" the building to its former glory by spending $25 million to convert the building into the first American branch of his luxury hotel chain, the St. Jamess Club. David Grays firm handled the restoration, and in 1988 the Los Angeles Conservancy gave the owners an award for their work in preserving the Sunset Tower. The exterior and interior lighting design (excluding fixtures) was completed by ex-Disney designers Shawn Barrett, Gary Bell and William Sly. The St. James&#39;s Club operated an upscale hotel for several years, popular with celebrities, including David Bowie.</p><br>
<h2>Further restoration and the Tower Bar</h2><br>
<p>The Lancaster Group purchased the hotel from de Savary in 1992, renaming it the Argyle. In 2004, Jeff Klein and Peter Krulewitch purchased the hotel. Klein hired designer Paul Fortune to renovate the hotel, adding more modern amenities, and restored its original name. In 2006, Torontos The Globe and Mail reviewed the renovated Sunset Tower and noted: "This isnt a place that needs to declare itself hip because its grand history speaks for itself—and has been successfully carried forward to the present."</p><br>
<p>As part of the 2006 restoration, the Tower Bar was reconfigured to have a more turn-of-the-century ambience. After the Tower Bar opened in 2006, the Los Angeles Times reported that it had become one of the trendiest in Los Angeles: "On a recent night at the intimate Tower Bar, Jennifer Aniston dines 10 feet away from Joaquin Phoenix and white-coated waiters weave between tables like players in a Broadway musical. A $155 bottle of Pinot Noir is uncorked here, chilled oysters delivered there and a bow given every now and then." The New York Times also reported on the transformation of the hotel: "The striped silk-and-walnut Tower Bar restaurant is already a retro clubhouse for the mature Hollywood set (think Brian Grazer and Barbara Walters), complete with $13 martinis and the octogenarian former Sinatra pianist Page Cavanaugh tickling the ivories. On a Friday night in mid-December, Anjelica Huston and Courtney Love swanned by to dine with a 30-something crowd far more sophisticated than the teenyboppers roaming Sunset Boulevard outside." Other celebrities visiting the Tower Bar include Sean Penn, Victoria Beckham, Tom Cruise and Jennifer Lopez. Dmitri Dmitrov, a 60-year-old Macedonian immigrant with Rudolph Valentino hair, is the Tower Bars maître dhôtel. Dmitrov is a sphinxlike figure who knows everything and says nothing. In the six years since Klein, following a suggestion from the designer Tom Ford, rescued Dmitrov from a fading career at drearily elegant places like a local Russian restaurant that featured a harpist, ice swans and a caviar menu, he has become a Hollywood institution.</p><br>
<p>In February 2009, Vanity Fair magazine hosted its Oscar party at the Sunset Tower.</p><br>
<h2>Historic designation</h2><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Block House, also known as Building 9 and the Governors Island Post Hospital, is a brick building in the Nolan Park area of Governors Island in New York Harbor, New York City. Its name is due to its early use as a prison. Ulysses S. Grant was briefly stationed there early in his military career.</p><br>
<p>Building 9 was constructed in 1839 in the Greek Revival style and was initially used as the Post Hospital. The roof of the building was originally flat, but was replaced with a hip roof in 1864 because the flat roof would leak. Ten years later, two wings for patient wards were built because the original structure was so poorly ventilated. In 1878–1879, Building 9 was converted to offices for the Military Division of the Atlantic and the Department of the East. The building was used for various Army commands until the 20th century, and by 1947, the structure was converted to four sets of officers&#39; quarters.</p><br>
<p>Building 9 is two-stories with a red-brick facade, raised above a high schist basement. Brick paths lead from Nolan Park to the front entrance. The entrance is surrounded with granite around pedimented wood, which in turn enclosed a paneled wood door. There is a wrought-iron balcony immediately above the front entrance; the back formerly had a similar entrance design, which is now a window. The windows are six-over-six and contain granite lintels and window sills.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Temple Building, built in 1907, is an historic Prince Hall Masonic building located at 427 South Blount Street in Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. On May 3, 1984, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places, for its social contributions to Black history.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It is a three-story, red brick flat roofed building. It has a metal cornice at the top of the first floor level and a cast iron Corinthian order column at the corner. It was designed by Black architect Gaston Alonzo Edwards.</p><br>
<p>It is one of two places of the same name in Raleigh on the National Register of Historic Places, the other being the much larger Masonic Temple Building, Fayetteville Street (Raleigh, North Carolina), which was also built in 1907.</p><br>
<p>Today it is occupied by Widow&#39;s Son Lodge #4 and Excelsior Lodge #21 as well as barber shops and a beauty salon.</p><br>
<p>The Mendocino and Headlands Historic District is a nationally recognized and locally protected historic district in Mendocino, California. It is bounded roughly by the Pacific Ocean on the west and south, Little Lake Street on the north and California State Route 1 on the east. It is filled with historic late 19th Century buildings built from local redwood, such as the Mendocino Presbyterian Church and the Masonic Hall. Because of its resemblance to coastal villages in New England and the Maritime Provinces of Canada, it has been used often as the location for movies such as Johnny Belinda  with Jane Wyman and Lew Ayres, which was set in Prince Edward Island, and TV series such as Murder She Wrote  with Angela Lansbury, which was set in Maine.</p><br>
<p>On July 14, 1971, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places. It is also protected by historic preservation provisions enacted by the Mendocino County government. A visitor center and museum are located in the historic Ford House.</p><br>
<p>The George Nakashima House, Studio and Workshop is a historic artists compound at 1847 and 1858 Aquetong Rd. in Solebury Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania. The compound consists of houses and studio buildings designed and built by artist George Nakashima , which served as family homes and as his studio space. The studio-related buildings are open to the public for tours; the houses of the compound continue to serve as residences of the Nakashima family. In April 2014 it was also designated a National Historic Landmark. The site was listed on the World Monument Funds 2014 Endangered Sites Watchlist.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Nakashima complex is located in a rural setting south of the town of New Hope, Pennsylvania, on both sides of Aquetong Road south of Windy Bush Road in Solebury Township. The property consists of more than 12 acre, set near the top of a south-facing hillside. The compound includes a total of eighteen buildings, seven of which are primarily residential, while the others serve roles in the production and distribution of Nakashima&#39;s furniture and art. Four of the residential structures, located on the north side of Aquetong Road, form a complex Nakashima built for his daughter Mira, and are not open to the public. On the south side of the road, surrounded on three sides by studio buildings, is a residential compound consisting of the main house, a garage, a heating house, and lanai. All of these buildings are in a basically International Style of architecture, infused with Japanese elements.</p><br>
<p>The main buildings of the studio are the Conoid Studio and the Arts Building. The Conoid Building, which Nakashima built in 1960, is a distinctive rectangular single-story building with a concrete roof in the shape of a sinusoidal wave that gradually flattens toward the south. The walls are fashioned out of a variety of materials, including stone, concrete, cement blocks, and glass. The roof form gives the building interior a large open area, with sections carved out by wood framing for the kitchen, bathrooms, and office. The Arts Building was built by Nakashima in 1967 as a gallery space to showcase the works of Ben Shahn. It is stories in height and is topped by a parabolic roof formed out of plywood and covered in asphalt shingles. It now also displays the works of Nakashima.</p><br>
<p>Eight buildings of the complex are open for tours; donations are requested.</p><br>
<p>Cobblestone Farmhouse at 1229 Birdsey Road is a farmhouse in the town of Junius, New York, in Seneca County, New York. It is significant as a well-preserved example of cobblestone architecture, in a vernacular Greek Revival style. North of the house, there is also a large barn believed to date to the late 19th century. This property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 6, 2008. It is the sixth property listed as a featured property of the week in a program of the National Park Service that began in July, 2008.</p><br>
<h2>House</h2><br>
<p>The house is thought to have been built in the 1830s or 1840s. The walls of the two-story structure are made with rounded field stones between limestone quoins that both decorate and stabilize the walls. The multi-colored field cobbles are held in place with limestone mortared "V" joints, typical of cobblestone construction of the Middle Period. The quoins are twelve inches (305 mm) high, and there are three to four courses of cobblestones for each quoin. The house is laid out with two windows on either side of a central entrance. The one-story porch outside the front door has Victorian details under a hip roof. The Greek Revival features of the entrance include square pilasters and half side-lights. The builder and/or architect is not known.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Cobblestone architecture was developed in New York State to a high degree. A survey identified 660 cobblestone structures in 21 New York counties. There may be approximately 300 elsewhere in the United States, concentrated in Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, and Vermont.</p><br>
<h2>Barn</h2><br>
<p>The barn on the property is constructed of wood siding attached vertically to the frame. It is itself significant as a typical example of late 19th century barn construction.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The property is located on Birdsey Road, a north–south county road, directly adjacent to the New York State Thruway, effectively on the northeast corner of that intersection. The town of Junius remains largely rural in character. The 12 acre property is what remains of the original 100 acre farmstead. The topography is fairly flat, and the land mostly cleared, with scattered groups of trees.</p><br>
<p>There are three other cobblestone farmhouses in the same township which are also listed on the National Register: Cobblestone Farmhouse at 1027 Stone Church Road, Cobblestone Farmhouse at 1111 Stone Church Road, and John Graves Cobblestone Farmhouse.</p><br>
<p>The Harold Lloyd Estate, also known as Greenacres, is a large mansion and landscaped estate located in the Benedict Canyon section of Beverly Hills, California. Built in the late 1920s by silent film star Harold Lloyd, it remained Lloyd&#39;s home until his death in 1971.</p><br>
<p>The estate originally consisted of a 44-room mansion, golf course, outbuildings, and 900 ft canoe run on 15 acre. Greenacres has been called "the most impressive movie star&#39;s estate ever created." After Lloyd died, the acreage in the lower part of the estate along Benedict Canyon was subdivided into approximately 15 large home lots. The mansion, on top of its own hill, retained approximately 5 original acres of flat land. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Planning and construction</h2><br>
<p>In May 1923, Lloyd purchased land located at the mouth of Benedict Canyon in Beverly Hills from P.E. Benedict. The property had been owned by the Benedict family for more than 60 years. Lloyd paid $100,000 for the property. The site was close to the spot where Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks had built their famed Pickfair estate.</p><br>
<p>In August 1925, Lloyd announced plans to build a $1 million estate on the 15-acre site, including a three-story French-Italian Renaissance home, a nine-acre golf course, a 50 x 150 swimming pool (the largest in southern California), an open-air theater, dance pavilion, tennis courts, and bridle path. Walter Weber and Sumner Spaulding (Weber, Staunton and Spalding) was hired as the architect. Lloyd also hired landscape engineer A.E. Hanson to execute plans for the "largest initial private landscaping project ever attempted" in the Los Angeles area. The plans included extensive gardens, a children&#39;s playground, and a stream fed by a well with water pumped to the top of a hill and then cascading through the property and creating water hazards in the golf course.</p><br>
<p>Final plans for the house were published in the Los Angeles Times in July 1927. The home was described as French-Italian Renaissance design with interiors inspired by the Villa Palmieri near Florence. Construction of the mansion began in July 1927 and was completed in 1928.</p><br>
<p>The 44-room, 45,000 ft&sup2; house and estate was said to have cost $2 million.</p><br>
<h3>Features</h3><br>
<p>A.E. Hanson, Lloyds landscape architect, transformed the 15 acre site with the Villa Lante and Villa Medici as inspiration in Mediterranean Revival and Spanish Revival style motifs. The Los Angeles Times published a full-page illustrated article describing it as a "gorgeous fairyland playground" and a "Modern Eden of groves and gardens." The elaborate design of the grounds landscape and gardens included the following elements:</p><br>
<p>A private nine-hole regulation golf course.</p><br>
<p>A 900 ft canoe stream stocked with trout and bass, and a 100 ft waterfall that plummeted into the canoe stream.</p><br>
<p>The largest swimming pool in Southern California,</p><br>
<p>Numerous gardens, including small tropical forests, sunken gardens, formal gardens, rose gardens, Italian gardens, and terraced gardens.</p><br>
<p>Stables for horses, cattle and sheep, and a small farm for the estate&#39;s fruits and vegetables, including greenhouses for growing flowers.</p><br>
<p>An open-air theater and dancing pavilion.</p><br>
<p>Two film vaults within the grounds to store original copies of Lloyd&#39;s works, prints and negatives.</p><br>
<p>Tennis courts, an outdoor bowling green, and a handball court. (Lloyd was a national handball champion and reportedly spent many hours there.)</p><br>
<p>An automobile entrance court designed as a 120 ft square, surrounded on two sides by a cloister.</p><br>
<p>The landscaping project was so large that 3,500 tons of sandstone were taken from quarries in Chatsworth and trucked to the site for use in building the steps, terraces, and waterfalls.</p><br>
<p>An unusual feature was the separate fairyland estate that Lloyd and A.E. Hanson designed for Lloyds four-year-old daughter, Mildred Gloria. The play village had its own private gate with a sign reading, "Come into my garden and play." The fairyland estate included a four-room miniature old English house, a miniature old English stable with a pony and cart, Great Dane dogs, a wishing well with water for the daughters garden, a slide, acrobatic devices and a swing. The miniature house had electricity and a kitchen and bath with running water, where the Lloyds&#39; daughter played with friends, including Shirley Temple.</p><br>
<h2>Family home</h2><br>
<p>Lloyd named his estate Greenacres, and it became a gathering place for the Lloyds&#39; family and friends. Sundays were known as "at home" day at Greenacres:</p><br>
<p>The at home day at Greenacres was Sunday when 30 or 40 friends would gather in the afternoon, amuse themselves with golf, tennis or handball, swimming, or with leisurely strolls through the gardens. A buffet would be set in the formal dining room and in the evening Lloyd would show a movie. Then he would wave everyone goodnight.</p><br>
<p>In 1937, Mrs. Lloyd hosted a bridal shower at the estate for Jeanette MacDonald attended by Hollywood&#39;s elite, including Ginger Rogers, Mary Pickford, Irene Dunne, Fay Wray, Norma Shearer, Dolores del Río, Loretta Young, Mervyn LeRoy, Ernst Lubitsch, Hal Roach, and Darryl Zanuck.</p><br>
<p>Greenacres was built in the 1920s in Beverly Hills, one of Los Angeles&#39;s all-white planned communities. The area had restrictive covenants prohibiting non-whites (this also included Jews) from living there unless they were in the employment of a white resident (typically as a domestic servant). Several published accounts have described Lloyd as a leader or participant in neighborhood organizations around his estate that wanted to enforce restrictive covenants in the area.</p><br>
<p>With the demise of his movie career and loss of income, Lloyd had difficulty maintaining the estate. In 1943, he petitioned the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors to reduce his property taxes because, although he and his family wanted to continue living there, he said the taxes were "eating them out of house and home." The Board agreed to reduce the valuation of the improvements to $100,000. Lloyd was forced to reduce the estate&#39;s staff, and parts of the estate began to deteriorate from neglect.</p><br>
<p>In August 1943, an explosion and fire at the home destroyed original negatives of his silent film comedies. Lloyd valued the damage to the films at $2 million.</p><br>
<p>In his later years, Lloyd lived a private life on his estate. He would start each day with a jog around the grounds, followed by a swim in the pool. He also developed an "addiction to stereo that shook the mansion at 3 am with the force of 10 speakers in unison&quot the decibel levels caused the gold leaf to fall from the ornate living room ceiling.</p><br>
<p>Lloyd lived at the estate until he died of cancer in 1971, aged 77. A long-time member of staff noted that he had a superstitious fear of being driven around the Italian fountain in the estate&#39;s front court, always making his chauffeur back up rather than circle the fountain. However, "the only time he ever went around that fountain was the night he died."</p><br>
<h2>Legacy</h2><br>
<h3>Preservation attempts</h3><br>
<p>Lloyd left his Benedict Canyon estate to the "benefit of the public at large" with instructions that it be used "as an educational facility and museum for research into the history of the motion picture in the United States." For a few years the home was open to public tours, but financial and legal obstacles prevented the estate from creating the motion picture museum that Lloyd had intended. Among other things, neighboring homeowners in the wealthy community were opposed to the creation of a museum hosting parties and attracting busloads of tourists.</p><br>
<p>In October 1972, the Los Angeles Times visited the property and noted that it had "the feel of Sunset Boulevard," bringing to mind the line spoken by the young writer when he first visits Norma Desmonds home: "It was the kind of place that crazy movie people built in the crazy 20s." The house appeared to visitors in the 1970s to be frozen in time at 1929. One writer noted that nothing had been moved or replaced, changed, or modernized, from the books in the library to the appliances in the kitchen and the fixtures in the bathrooms. Columnist Jack Smith visited the estate in 1973 and wrote that "time stood still", as Lloyds clothes still hung in his closet, and the master bedroom and living room "looked like a set for a movie of the 1930s." A Renaissance tapestry presented to Lloyd as a housewarming gift by Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks was still hanging in the hallway.</p><br>
<p>The house also had Lloyd&#39;s permanent Christmas tree loaded with ornaments at the end of a long sitting room. Jack Smith described the tree as follows:</p><br>
<p>t the end of the room, dominating it like some great Athena in a Greek temple, stood the most fantastic Christmas tree I had ever seen. It reached the ceiling, a great, bulbous mass of colored glass baubles, some of them as big as pumpkins, clustered together like gaudy jewels in some monstrous piece of costume jewelry.</p><br>
<h3>Sale and break-up</h3><br>
<p>Unable to establish a museum, the estate was sold at auction in 1975.</p><br>
<p>The mansion was preserved on a smaller 5 acre parcel and sold for $3 million in 1979 to Bernard C. Solomon, the president of Everest Record Group. In 1986, Ted Field, heir to the Marshall Field department store chain and head of Interscope Films, bought the property for $6.5 million and lived there with his wife and their three children. The Fields extensively updated and renovated the entire home and grounds and added a pool back to the site. (The original pool located down closer to Benedict Canyon had been lost in the 1975 subdividing of the property.) Restoring everything except the original theater-size forty-rank pipe organ (which remains today behind the walls of the 80 ft living room), the Field family replaced all the electrical wiring and plumbing and modernized the kitchens and bathrooms before moving into the estate. An 80-year-old carousel with hand-carved horses was added to the children&#39;s play yard.</p><br>
<p>In 1993, billionaire Ron Burkle bought the home for $20 million – $19 million less than the $39 million asking price (which had included a valuable art collection of old masters&#39; paintings in the original asking price) but still among the highest prices paid for a home in the United States in the previous three years.</p><br>
<p>As of May 1997, the estate was being occupied by film actress Barbara Rush.</p><br>
<p>In 2001, the mansion was estimated to be worth $50–60 million.</p><br>
<p>The main house and the estate&#39;s principal gardens are frequently used for civic fundraising events and as a filming location, appearing in films such as Commando and Westworld.</p><br>
<h2>California Historical Landmark Marker</h2><br>
<p>California Historical Landmark Marker No. 961 designation for the site states:</p><br>
<p>O. 961 HAROLD LLOYD ESTATE (GREENACRES) - Greenacres, one of the greatest estates of Hollywood&#39;s Golden Era, was built in 1929 for the internationally known silent screen comedian, Harold Lloyd. With its formal gardens, it is one of the finest Mediterranean/Italian Renaissance style residential complexes remaining in the state. The 44-room house was designed by Sumner Spaulding and the gardens planned by A. E. Hansen. The estate is patterned after the Villa Gamberaia near Florence, Italy.</p><br>
<p>The Helen Newberry Nurses Home is a multi-unit residential building located at 100 East Willis Avenue  in Midtown Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008, and is now the Newberry Hall Apartments.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Detroit&#39;s Grace Hospital opened in 1888; the next year Grace Hospital Training School for Nurses was opened under the direction of Eugenie Hibbard. The first class had fourteen students. Grace Hospital Training School was one of the first training schools for nurses in the United States. Funds to construct the building were donated by Helen Handy Newberry, wife of John Stoughton Newberry and mother of Truman Handy Newberry. Architect Elijah E. Myers designed the building.</p><br>
<p>The Helen Newberry Nurses Home housed nursing students from the time of its construction until Grace Hospital Training School closed its doors in 1968. It was afterward used in the 1980s as office space for the Detroit Medical Center. A fire in 2006 severely damaged some of the building&#39;s interior on the first floor. In 2011/2012 the building was renovated to house 28 apartments.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Helen Newberry Nurses Home is a large three-story, L-shaped, red-and-brown brick Jacobean Revival residential building. The basement level is partially raised, and the roof is gabled and covered with slate. A three-story limestone entry bay projects slightly from the center of the main facade. Within this bay on the first floor is an arched entryway flanked with Doric pilasters, while the second story has two windows flanked with Ionic pilasters, and the third floor has a triple window. A small terrace with perimeter walls surrounds the entryway.</p><br>
<p>On either side of the entry bay, the facade is divided into three bays: a narrow recessed bay beside the entryway, a wider projecting cross-gabled bay adjacent, and another recessed bay at the outer end of the building. The outer bay on each side is surmounted by a brick Flemish dormer with stone cap. Although the facade is not entirely symmetrical, the projecting and recessed bays give the sense of balance. Basement windows are small three-by-three lights. Windows on the upper floors are all double hung, with diamond-paned leaded glass upper sashes on the first floor and on the entry bay, nine-over-one lights on the second floor, and six-over-one lights on the third floor. The windows are paired in most sections, but tripled or quadrupled in the projecting bays, and with single windows on the sides of the projecting bays.</p><br>
<p>Two massive corbelled ornamental brick chimney stacks rise through the roof, one on the right side of the building and one near the center. The remaining facades are less detailed than the front, although the window patterns are similar.</p><br>
<p>The interior of the structure has a central corridor in both the main section and the ell with rooms to either side. Stairs leads from the entryway up to the main corridor level, and two more stairways are located at each end of the building. The original building plan had a group of more decorative public rooms on the first floor, having arched openings, wall paneling, and decorative trim. More modest dormitory rooms took up the rest of the first floor and the upper floors.</p><br>
<p>The Majestic Theatre is a theatre located at 4126-4140 Woodward Avenue in Midtown Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<p>Today, the theatre is mainly a music venue. It hosts a variety of musical concerts in three separate areas of the building: The Majestic, The Majestic Cafe, and The Magic Stick.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Majestic Theatre, designed by C. Howard Crane, opened on April 1, 1915. The theatre originally seated 1,651), and the facade was designed in an arcaded Italian style. In 1934, the front 35 ft of the theatre were removed when Woodward Avenue was widened to its present size. The entire facade was redesigned into its current striking Art Deco motif by the firm of Bennett & Straight. The theater now boasts the largest enameled metal panel Art Deco facade in the Detroit metropolitan region.</p><br>
<p>The theatre eventually closed, and the building was used as a church for a time, and later as a photographic studio. It lay vacant for ten years. The present owner purchased the building in 1984.</p><br>
<p>There is a myth that legendary magician Harry Houdini gave his last performance on stage here, on Halloween night 1926. In fact, Houdini last performed at the Garrick Theatre in Detroit and died a few days later of peritonitis at Detroit&#39;s Grace Hospital on October 31, 1926.</p><br>
<p>The Majestic Theatre was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008. In 2018 the venue&#39;s owners announced a renovation plan and pledged to put $1,000,000 into the building. On October 25, 2019, The Majestic Theatre unveiled its new marquee facing Woodward Avenue.</p><br>
<h2>Current use</h2><br>
<p>The Majestic Theatre operates as part of the Majestic Theatre Center, which includes the attached Garden Bowl bowling alley, The Majestic Cafe, The Magic Stick, and Sgt. Pepperoni&#39;s.</p><br>
<p>On September 25, 2024, Juggalo Championship Wrestling announced their Devil&#39;s Night pay-per-view wrestling show would be held at the venue on October 30th.</p><br>
<p>The Garden Bowl is a 16-lane Brunswick bowling alley located at 4104–4120 Woodward Avenue in Midtown Detroit, Michigan. It is the oldest continuously operating bowling alley in the country. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Garden Bowl was built in 1913, and is Detroit&#39;s oldest continuously operating bowling alley. In 1934, the front 35 feet of the building were removed when Woodward Avenue was widened to its present size. The present appearance of the building is due in large part to changes made in 1966.</p><br>
<h2>Current use</h2><br>
<p>The father of the current owner purchased the Garden Bowl in 1946. The Garden Bowl operates as part of the Majestic Theater Center, which includes the nearby Majestic Theatre, the Majestic Cafe, the Magic Stick (located upstairs in the same building as the Garden Bowl), It continues to operate as a bowling alley.</p><br>
<p>The Washington Marriott Wardman Park was a hotel on Connecticut Avenue next to the Woodley Park station of the Washington Metro in the Woodley Park neighborhood of Washington, D.C.</p><br>
<p>The hotel had 1,152 rooms, 195,000 ft&sup2; of event space, and 95,000 ft&sup2; of exhibit space. It opened in 1918 and closed in 2020. The owner filed for bankruptcy in 2021 and the property was sold for redevelopment. Demolition of the main 1980 wing began in 2022 and was completed in 2023.</p><br>
<p>The Wardman Tower wing, built in 1928, remains standing. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 31, 1984.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Original 1918 hotel structure</h3><br>
<p>The original hotel on the site was built between 1917 and 1918 by local developer Harry Wardman and was designed by local architect Frank Russell White. It was an eight-story, red brick structure modeled on The Homestead resort in Virginia. The hotel was the largest in the city, with 1,200 rooms and 625 baths. It was nicknamed Wardman&#39;s Folly, due to its location far outside the developed area of Washington at the time.</p><br>
<p>The hotel opened as the Wardman Park Inn on November 23, 1918, just days after the 1918 Armistice ended World War I. No elaborate opening festivities were held, since public gatherings were illegal during the Spanish flu pandemic. The hotel was hugely successful due to the housing shortage caused by the growth of Washington, D.C., during World War I. Within a year of its opening, the property was renamed the Wardman Park Hotel. It attracted prominent guests and tenants; foreign ambassadors, members of Congress, and Vice President Marshall took up residence.</p><br>
<p>In 1928, the hotel added an eight-story, 350-room residential-hotel annex designed by architect Mihran Mesrobian. That building, now converted into condominiums, is the only surviving portion of the original Wardman Park, known as the Wardman Tower, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Wardman was forced to sell the hotel in 1931 due to the Great Depression, and the hotel was acquired by Washington Properties.</p><br>
<p>Before the United States entered World War II, a British spy named Cynthia operated out of the premises as she spied on the Vichy French Embassy. At night, she would visit her lover, an embassy employee whom she had compromised, and steal secret documents, transport them back to the hotel, and photograph them in a lab she had set up in her room.</p><br>
<p>The hotel contained a full-service drug store/pharmacy; the pharmacist was known as Doc Wardman. There was also a USA Post Office and shops in the basement, including a butcher, grocery store, and dry cleaner that was stocked even during World War II.</p><br>
<p>In the late 1940s, the Olympic-size swimming pool was used by the 5th Marine Reserves, who were taught how to swim with their clothes on.</p><br>
<p>The first televised broadcast of NBC&#39;s Meet the Press took place in 1947 in the Wardman Tower, where host Lawrence Spivak lived. Other shows broadcast from the hotel include The Camel News Caravan, The Today Show (Frank Blair segments), and The Arthur Murray Dance Program.</p><br>
<p>In 1953, Sheraton Hotels purchased Washington Properties Inc., owner of the Wardman Park Hotel and the Wardman-built Carlton Hotel. Renamed the Sheraton-Park Hotel, its focus shifted from longer-term residents to overnight guests. Substantial additions were made to the property, including large new ballrooms and a 1964 addition known as the Motor Inn and later known as the Park Tower.</p><br>
<p>In August 1962, Army Special Forces soldiers trained by rappelling down the side of the hotel.</p><br>
<p>In 1972, Sheraton began planning to replace the aging main wing of the hotel. In 1977, the company presented plans to local residents groups for a modern, 1,050-room hotel to be built on the 12-acre property. Construction began in early 1979. The furniture and fittings of the original 950-room 1918 structure were sold to the public in June 1979 and demolition of the original wing began on July 25, 1979, to allow further construction of the new wing. The 500 rooms in the Wardman Tower and Motor Inn wings remained open throughout construction.</p><br>
<h3>Second 1980 hotel structure</h3><br>
<p>The partially-completed new $104 million building opened in October 1979 as the Sheraton Washington Hotel, the largest hotel and convention complex on the East Coast. The new wing was fully completed and opened in August 1980.</p><br>
<p>While construction was still underway, in 1979, Sheraton sold an interest in the hotel to the John Hancock Life Insurance Company. In 1985, John Hancock bought out Sheraton&#39;s remaining interest in the hotel, but paid the chain to continue managing the property. In August 1997, John Hancock filed a breach-of-contract suit against the hotel chain, by then renamed ITT Sheraton, alleging mismanagement of the hotel. In March 1998, a federal judge in Delaware ordered ITT Sheraton to withdraw as manager of the hotel. Marriott International took over management of the property that month, renaming it the Marriott Wardman Park Hotel.</p><br>
<p>In January 1999, Thayer Lodging Group of Annapolis, Maryland, run by two former Marriott executives, purchased the hotel from John Hancock for $227 million and spent another $100 million on renovations.</p><br>
<p>In 2005, Thayer Lodging Group sold the hotel to JBG Smith and CIM Group for $300 million.</p><br>
<p>JBG planned to convert a portion of the hotel into luxury condominiums and construct a 200-unit condominium building on a 16 acre lot next to the hotel. JBG also said it would demolish the hotel&#39;s parking garage and main ballroom, and spend $50 million to renovate the guest rooms, add dining space, build a new fitness center, and improve the exhibition and meeting space. Marriott, which managed the hotel, had the right to veto the conversion of hotel rooms into condos if revenues on the remaining hotel section fell below a specified number. Hotel revenues declined during the Great Recession, and Marriott exercised its right to stop the conversion of the hotel into condominiums.</p><br>
<p>On November 20, 2008, United States Attorney General Michael Mukasey collapsed and lost consciousness at the hotel while giving a speech to the Federalist Society. He revived and was taken to George Washington University Hospital.</p><br>
<p>On March 29, 2010, Superior Court of the District of Columbia Judge Natalia Combs Greene granted partial summary judgment and a motion to dismiss. A partial out-of-court settlement had already been reached by the parties giving JBG some limited ability to move forward on the condo project, but that agreement now seemed unnecessary given the court&#39;s ruling. The parties suspended litigation against one another to negotiate, but litigation resumed on June 8, 2010.</p><br>
<p>The parties in the various lawsuits resolved their legal dispute on July 1, 2010, allowing construction to resume.</p><br>
<p>After the collapse of the housing market during the 2007–2008 financial crisis, JBG decided to construct an apartment building on the vacant acreage rather than condominiums. D.C.-based architect David M. Schwarz designed an eight-story, 212-unit building for the company. Originally called Wardman West, the name was later changed to 2700 Woodley and then later to The Woodley. In June 2014, after the building was completed, but before it was leased, JBG sold The Woodley for $195 million, or $920,000 per unit, to TIAA-CREF, which set a record for the highest price-per-unit ever paid for a multifamily project in the D.C. metropolitan area.</p><br>
<p>In 2015, JBG renovated floors 3 to 8 of the Wardman Tower into 32 luxury condominiums, while the first and second floors remained part of the hotel business. The project was financed by $54 million from North America Sekisui House LLC (NASH), the North American division of the largest homebuilding corporation in Japan. One of the condominium units sold for $8.4 million.</p><br>
<p>In January 2018, JBG Group and CIM Group, which had owned roughly equal interests in the hotel, sold a controlling interest in the property (66.67%) to Pacific Life, with JBG and CIM each retaining 16.67% ownership. In February 2020, CIM Group sold its interest in the hotel.</p><br>
<p>In March 2020, the hotel closed temporarily, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On June 22, 2020, the hotels owners notified the workers union that they might close the hotel permanently. On September 3, 2020, Pacific Life petitioned in a Delaware court to dissolve its ownership partnership with JBG. The two companies resolved their dispute on October 2, 2020. On October 6, 2020, Marriott sued Pacific Life (which owned 80% of the property) and JBG Smith (which owned 20%). Marriott claimed the two companies were intentionally failing to invest contractually obligated capital in the hotel to force the property to close so it could be redeveloped, cheating Marriott of fees to be earned from its long-term management contract. In October 2020, JBG Smith transferred its ownership stake in the hotel to Pacific Life with a zero value.</p><br>
<p>On January 11, 2021, the owning entity, Pacific Life subsidiary Wardman Hotel Owner LLC, filed for bankruptcy, announced that the hotel would be closed permanently, and ended its management contract with Marriott. In December 2021, the property was sold in a 192-round bankruptcy auction to Carmel Partners for $152.2 million, with plans for redevelopment.</p><br>
<p>Demolition of the main 1980 wing began in October 2022 and was completed in mid-2023. In August 2023, Carmel secured a $360 million loan from Wells Fargo for the redevelopment, with plans for two large residential towers to be built on the property.</p><br>
<h2>Residents</h2><br>
<p>The Wardman Tower building was home to several politicians and other world public figures:</p><br>
<p>President Lyndon B. Johnson for about 45 days as Vice President of the United States</p><br>
<p>Vice President of the United States Spiro Agnew</p><br>
<p>Vice President of the United States Charles Curtis</p><br>
<p>Actress Marlene Dietrich</p><br>
<p>Senator Bob Dole</p><br>
<p>President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower</p><br>
<p>Former airline Trans World Airlines (TWA) President Jack Frye and wife, Helen</p><br>
<p>USA Attorney Paul M. Gagnon</p><br>
<p>Senator Barry Goldwater</p><br>
<p>Secretary of State Cordell Hull</p><br>
<p>President of the United States Herbert Hoover</p><br>
<p>Socialite Perle Mesta</p><br>
<p>Publisher Lawrence Spivak</p><br>
<p>Senator Chuck Robb</p><br>
<p>Chief Justice Frederick M. Vinson</p><br>
<p>Vice President of the United States Henry A. Wallace</p><br>
<p>Chief Justice Earl Warren</p><br>
<p>Senator Milton Young</p><br>
<p>Senator Prescott Bush</p><br>
<p>Senator Prentiss M. Brown</p><br>
<p>Former Peruvian Ambassador to the United States Celso Pastor de la Torre and family</p><br>
<p>Guillermo F. Pérez-Argüello, great grand son of Angélica Balladares Montealegren and family (Summer of 1970)</p><br>
<p>Inventor Emile Berliner</p><br>
<p>David Eisenhower and Julie Nixon Eisenhower, (Summer of 1970)</p><br>
<p>President of the British Cartographic Society Dr Alexander Kent, (Summer of 2017)</p><br>
<p>Vice President of the United States Thomas R. Marshall lived for a short time in the Wardman Park Hotel that was destroyed in 1980</p><br>
<p>Major League Baseball player (1911–12) and lawyer, Harry Lee Spratt</p><br>
<h2>Events</h2><br>
<p>The Marriott Wardman Park hosted many annual events including:</p><br>
<p>The Association of American Law Schools&#39; entry-level hiring conference, colloquially known as the "meat market".</p><br>
<p>Conservative Political Action Conference</p><br>
<p>International Telecommunications Week (ITW) trade show and idea summit</p><br>
<p>American Intellectual Property Law Association (AIPLA) annual meeting</p><br>
<p>Anime USA, an anime convention</p><br>
<p>The hotel was included in the rotation of cities in which the American Contract Bridge League holds North American Bridge Championship tournaments.</p><br>
<p>The annual meeting of the Transportation Research Board was held at the Marriott Wardman Park for nearly 60 years. It was moved to the Walter E. Washington Convention Center in 2015.</p><br>
<p>In March 2017, Cvent, an event management company, ranked the Marriott Wardman Park at 87th in its annual list of the top USA hotels for meetings.</p><br>
<p>The Pioneer Memorial Cemetery  is a historic pioneer cemetery in the Columbia-Tusculum neighborhood of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. It is located on a small hill overlooking Lunken Airport at 333 Wilmer Avenue on Cincinnati&#39;s east side.</p><br>
<p>The oldest cemetery in Hamilton County, it lies at the site of Columbia Baptist Church, founded in 1790. Columbia is the oldest settlement in Hamilton County, as it was founded in 1788, one month before Losantiville (later Cincinnati). The cemetery is the only extant remnant of the Columbia settlement.</p><br>
<p>Included in this cemetery is the grave of Major Benjamin Stites, 1734–1804, founding father of Columbia. The fellow founder of Columbia and pioneer, soldier, and legislator Ephraim Kibbey (1756–1809) is memorialized here on the monument "To the First Boat-load" erected in 1879.</p><br>
<p>Frederick L. Payne, then Supervising Horticulturalist for the Park Board, began a restoration project in 1967 for the cemetery.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery is listed on the National Register of Historic Places under its historic name of "Columbia Baptist Cemetery".</p><br>
<p>Since 1958, the Pioneer Cemetery has been known as an archaeological site — in that year, evidence was discovered that the terrace upon which the cemetery lies was once a Native American village site. Due to the presence of the cemetery, no excavation has ever been conducted there; consequently, all that is known about the village is that it was inhabited during the Woodland period.</p><br>
<p>The Cincinnati Parks Department maintains the property.</p><br>
<p>The Minneapolis YMCA Central Building is a 12-story YMCA building in downtown Minneapolis listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is built in the Gothic Revival style, making it stand out from other buildings. The Gothic styling was chosen to emphasize the vertical mass of the structure and to make it appear as a powerful corporate symbol. The styling also brought a symbolic association with church architecture, making it fit into the YMCA&#39;s value system.</p><br>
<p>The building was converted into a 121-unit apartment complex in 1994. It is located adjacent to LaSalle Plaza, a 30-story office building that includes the current, modern Minneapolis YMCA location.</p><br>
<p>The Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company Building, also known as the Northern Implement Company and the American Trio Building, is a warehouse building in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota. PPG Industries of Pittsburgh constructed the structure.</p><br>
<h2>Background</h2><br>
<p>It was designed by the architectural firm Kees and Colburn and shows strong influences of architect Louis Sullivan. The arches in the top floor windows are modeled after Louis Sullivans designs, which in turn were influenced by Henry Hobson Richardsons Richardsonian Romanesque style. The corners of the building are subtly chamfered in at the bottom and rise toward a flaring cornice at the top, echoing John Wellborn Root&#39;s design of the Monadnock Building in Chicago.</p><br>
<p>The building has now been converted to loft apartments.</p><br>
<p>The H. Alden Smith House is a former mansion located within the Harmon Place Historic District near downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota. Designed in the Richardsonian Romanesque style by architect William Channing Whitney, it was completed in 1887 and listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. The house is the sole remnant of the Harmon Place mansion district, an elite residential neighborhood that existed between the 1880s and 1920s.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Horatio Alden Smith, the home&#39;s original owner, was a partner in the Smith & Wyman Sash and Door Company. Following a successful period in that business, Smith purchased property in the wealthy Harmon Place neighborhood and commissioned the prolific local architect William Channing Whitney to design a new home for him and his family. Smith lived in the home with his wife Eva and daughter Alice from 1887 to 1906, when he died of a heart attack.</p><br>
<p>Eva continued to live in the home until 1919, when she sold it to local mortician William Davies. Davies soon converted the home into a mortuary and used it as such until 1976. The house was then converted into a restaurant called The Little Prince in 1977, but this venture was short-lived. Following the restaurant&#39;s closing in 1978, the house was used as a counseling clinic and an office building. In 1990 the house served as the filming location for a scene in the movie Drop Dead Fred.</p><br>
<p>The Minneapolis Community College Foundation purchased the house in 1993 for $350,000. After renovating the structure for educational purposes, it was renamed the Wells Family College Center. Minneapolis Community and Technical College used the house for miscellaneous purposes until 2018, when it was sold to local developer W+Noordijk. The house was later rehabilitated and converted into apartment units as part of a larger residential development project, which was completed in 2022.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>William Channing Whitney designed the H. Alden Smith house in the Richardsonian Romanesque style of architecture. Featuring a brown sandstone facade, the three-story home boasts a massive corner tower, front and side porches, and a stained-glass skylight. Although much of the interior has been modified over time, the first level retains the original reception hall and grand staircase. The original parlor, dining room, library, and sitting room also remain intact. Decadent panelling and cherry woodwork can be found throughout this level.</p><br>
<p>Though heavily modified, the second and third floors retain some original features such as doors and fireplaces. The second floor originally housed bedrooms and bathrooms, while the third floor featured a ballroom and servants&#39; quarters.</p><br>
<p>Castle Farms is a special events facility located in Charlevoix, Michigan. It was constructed in 1918 by Albert Loeb, who was the Vice President of Sears, Roebuck and Company, and it was designed by Arthur Heun.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Albert Loeb built Castle Farms as a model farm to showcase livestock in addition to new farm equipment that was sold by his company. The original estate covered 1600 acres, and included the Loebss summer home, caretakers houses, fields, orchards, and a livestock barn complex. Loeb hired Chicago architect Arthur Heun to design the buildings on the estate, including the farm buildings. The architecture was inspired by French Normandy castles. During the farms operation, Loeb bred prize-winning stock of Holstein-Friesian cattle, Duroc-Jersey hogs, and Belgian horses. The farm also established a premium-quality mail-order business in butter, syrup, honey, poultry, eggs, and other products. Albert Loeb died in 1924, but his son Ernest continued the farm for a few years until financial difficulties forced its closure in 1927.</p><br>
<p>After the farm ceased operations, the buildings remained in the Loeb family and were rented for storage space until 1962, when it was purchased by John Van Haver, an executive who restored the facility and opened it to the public. In 1969, it was sold to Arthur and Erwina Reibel and was mainly used for rock concerts.</p><br>
<p>In 2001, Castle Farms was sold to current owner Linda Mueller who finished restoring it to its original condition by 2005. Today, it is open year-round, and is primarily used for weddings and receptions. However, Castle Farms is also used for other various festivals and social events, such as the Charlevoix Renaissance Festival. In 2008, a model railroad was added that provides a scenic journey through Charlevoix&#39;s history.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The original 1917/18 buildings at Castle Farms include seven structures: dairy barn, horse barn, blacksmith&#39;s shop, equipment shed, ice house, office, and cheese shop. They all have walls constructed from locally gathered fieldstone, and have high hip, conical, or pyramid roofs. The buildings are grouped into a horse barn complex and a dairy barn complex.</p><br>
<p>There was once a chicken coop on the property, which was torn down between 1943 and 1944. The wood was used to build a 4 bedroom cottage, beginning in the winter of 1944, and completed by August 1945, on Oyster Bay in Lake Charlevoix that still stands today.</p><br>
<p>The horse barn with its wagon sheds, the ice house, and the office form an open courtyard, facing the dairy barn. The blacksmith&#39;s shop, with a forge and massive chimney, sits next to the barn. The horse barn is a long rectangular structure with a high hip roof, pierced on both sides by dormers with pointed-arch windows. The wagon sheds, once open, have been enclosed. The icehouse is a windowless octagonal building standing at the corner of the courtyard. At the adjacent corner is the round office with a conical roof.</p><br>
<p>A rectangular, one-story, hip-roof building used as a cheese shop stands between the horse barn and dairy barn complexes. The dairy barn consists of a U-shaped cattle barn and a connected service wing with what was originally a dairy, a dormitory, a bunk house, a kitchen, and four round-plan silos. The barn consists of a high hip-roof section at the base of the U and lower gable-roof sections forming the legs. The barn has horizontal bands of square-head windows. The service wing has an arched gateway that leads to the courtyard against the dairy barn.</p><br>
